Assessment of chewing efficiency: a comparison of particle size distribution determined using optical scanning and sieving of almonds

Mowlana, F.; Heath, Martlesham; Bilt, Andries van der; Glas, Hilbert W. van der

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2842.1994.tb01168.x

Cited by 62 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The optical scanning method however, would be an advantage for studying the characteristic of the chewed particles, the fracture behaviour of the test food or when using coloured particles. Nevertheless, both methods gave a satisfactory measure of masticatory efficiency but skills were needed to use the optical scanning method (59).…”

Section: Comparison Between Optical Scanning and Sievingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An insight into the masticatory performance of complete denture wearer

Ahmad

2006

ADUM

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To date there is no standard protocol on evaluation of the masticatory performance in complete denture wearer even though many methods had been described in the literature for measurement of the masticatory performance of the complete denture wearers. The masticatory performances were measured either subjectively or objectively, but no positive correlation was found between subjective and objective measurement. Therefore, there is a need to standardize the objective measurement, as subjective measurements rely on patients' perceptions, which is not reliable. Intra individual and inter individual variations that exist support the need to standardize the method of measurement.Key words: masticatory performance, complete denture. INTRODUCTIONThe efficiency and success of complete dentures are difficult to measure objectively. It is important to be able to do so because patients sometimes complain with no clinical evidence (1,2). Most patients expect dentures to be comparable, both functionally and esthetically, to a natural dentition (3). To predict individual patients' ability to chew test foods, dentists cannot rely on subjective responses to questionnaires on chewing difficulties or on the complete denture. However, a series of chewing tests can determine the individual masticatory performance. An objective test of masticatory performance could provide useful information of edentulous subjects wearing complete denture; later this information could support advice and decisions made by the dentists to patients on the treatment and the treatment outcome (4). OBJECTIVESTooth loss is significant in elderly people, partly due to poor oral health. Fiske and Lewis (1995) suggested that oral health is important in the elderly in terms of their ability to eat healthy nutritious food (5), as elderly with a reduced number of teeth had a poor quality diet (6). It is important to have good oral health and chewing ability, either by means of the remaining teeth or with dentures (7).The selection of food by the elderly was affected by the number of teeth, the number of occluding pairs and the presence of complete dentures (8,9). The wearing of complete dentures also resulted in changes in masticatory function compared with dentate subjects (10-12). Therefore, a measurement of the performance and the efficiency of masticatory function is important as restoring the masticatory function is one of the purposes of complete denture construction (13).The objective of this paper is to give a brief insight into the masticatory performance and efficiency of complete denture wearers and various methods used to establish the masticatory performance of the edentulous patients. MASTICATORY FUNCTION Definition"The ability of a patient to masticate is measured in two ways, i.e (1) Masticatory efficiency and (2) Masticatory performance"-Bates, Stafford and Harrison (10). From the Glossary of Prosthodontics (14), masticatory efficiency is defined as the effort required achieving a standard degree of comminution while masticatory performance i...

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Section: Comparison Between Optical Scanning and Sievingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apart from carrot, coffee beans (40,66), almond (42,46,55,56,59), peanuts (67,68), soya beans (13,19), boiled white egg, apple, bread, shredded coconut, meat, cracked corn, raisins (17), and cylindrical coconut (41) have all been used.…”

Section: Natural Test Foodmentioning

confidence: 99%

An insight into the masticatory performance of complete denture wearer

Ahmad

2006

ADUM

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“…More recently, other methods such as laser diffraction, microscopy, sedimentation analysis, and diffusion of light have been introduced [8,21,22]. Image analysis is another method used to characterize the shape of the bolus particles [2,3,6,7,22,23]. This method was used in this experiment to determine whether the size and shape properties of a ready-to-swallow food bolus were independent of the subjects.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Challenge of Mastication: Preparing a Bolus Suitable for Deglutition

Mishellany¹,

Woda²,

Labas³

et al. 2006

Dysphagia

130

108

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The main function of mastication is to transform a solid food into a bolus that can be swallowed safely. The bolus characteristics such as particles size or cohesiveness, are continuously sensed during mastication and they are important in initiating deglutition. This study examined the following question: What is the condition of the bolus just before swallowing? Ten subjects with normal dentition aged 37.5 +/- 3.7 years were asked to chew without swallowing six different foods (three nuts and three vegetables) while the number of cycles and the duration of the sequence were recorded. The particle size distribution shown by the expectorated food bolus just before swallowing was examined by image analysis. The results showed that, for a given food, the sizes of the bolus particles just before swallowing were comparable in all subjects. However, the number of cycles and duration of the sequence varied between subjects. Taken together these data strongly suggest that the granularity of the bolus before swallowing has to reach a predetermined state which is obtained by using an individual chewing strategy. This suggests that the bolus structure reflects a key factor for homeostasis and explains the large interindividual variability of the mastication physiologic parameters.

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“…2,11,21 Nevertheless, the accuracy and specificity of an optical system, in which the projected dimensions of the comminuted food particles can be measured, is accompanied by an increase in speed over the conventional method. 17 Several factors influence masticatory performance, including severity of the malocclusion, 3 occlusal contact area and body size, 11,21 number of functional tooth units and bite force. 5,9 The areas of contact between occluding teeth determine the area available for shearing food during chewing cycles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Masticatory performance and bite force in children with primary dentition

Gavião

Raymundo²,

Rentes³

2007

Braz. oral res.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between masticatory performance and maximum bite force in the primary dentition. The sample comprised 15 children of both genders, aged 3 to 5.5 years, with good systemic and oral health, presence of all primary teeth without large caries, no structural anomalies, without severe malocclusion, and no history of orthodontic treatment. They chewed one standardized silicone tablet for 20 strokes and the median areas of the chewed particles were measured by an optical digital system. Enhanced performance was measured by a decrease in the chewed particle areas and an increase in the amount of chewed particles. The bite force was determined using a transmitter pressurized tube connected to an analog/digital electronic circuit. Weight, height and body mass index (kg/m 2 ) were determined. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and Pearson or Spearman's correlations, after assessment of the normality of the distribution by Shapiro-Wilks' W-test. There was no correlation between bite force and particle area and amount (p > 0.05), neither were the body variables correlated with the masticatory variables (p > 0.05). It was concluded that the bite force was not a primary determinant of masticatory performance, and both variables were not dependent on body variables in the studied sample. Descriptors: Mastication; Bite force; Dentition, deciduous.Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a correlação entre performance mastigatória e força de mordida máxima na dentição decídua. A amostra consistiu de 15 crianças de 3 a 5,5 anos de idade, de ambos os gêneros, apresentando boa saúde bucal e sistêmica, com a presença de todos os dentes decíduos, sem cáries extensas, sem anomalias estruturais, sem maloclusão severa e ausência de tratamento ortodôntico. Um tablete de silicone foi mastigado durante 20 ciclos e as áreas medianas das partículas foram mensuradas por um sistema óptico digital. A performance mastigatória foi considerada melhor quanto menor o tamanho das partículas mastigadas e quanto maior o número das mesmas. Para a força de mordida utilizou-se um tubo transmissor pressurizado, conectado a circuito eletrônico analógico/digital. O peso, a altura e o índice de massa corporal (kg/m 2 ) foram determinados. Os dados foram analisados pela estatística descritiva e correlacionados pelo coeficiente de Pearson ou Spearman, após a avaliação da normalidade da distribuição pelo teste de Shapiro-Wilks. Não houve correlação significativa entre a força de mordida e as áreas e o número das partículas (p > 0,05), assim como as variáveis corporais não se correlacionaram com as variáveis mastigatórias (p > 0,05). Concluiu-se que a força de mordida não foi o principal determinante da performance mastigatória na amostra avaliada, e ambas não foram dependentes das variáveis corporais. Descritores: Mastigação; Força de mordida; Dentição decídua.

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Assessment of chewing efficiency: a comparison of particle size distribution determined using optical scanning and sieving of almonds

Cited by 62 publications

References 7 publications

An insight into the masticatory performance of complete denture wearer

An insight into the masticatory performance of complete denture wearer

The Challenge of Mastication: Preparing a Bolus Suitable for Deglutition

Masticatory performance and bite force in children with primary dentition

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