Assessment of camel thorn (Alhagi maurorum) as new sources of bioactive compounds using GC-MS technique

Abstract

Alhagi maurorum (A. maurorum) is one of the medicinally important plants belonging to the family leguminasae, commonly known as camel thorn. This research was amid to identify the chemical compounds in the aerial part of A. maurorum using GC-mass analysis. Three solvents with different polarities were used for the extraction of chemical constituents (water, methanol and petroleum ether). The results of GC-MS analysis led to identification of various compounds. In total, thirty-nine compounds from petroleum ether extract, thirty-two compounds in methanolic extract and seventeen compounds in aqueous extract were identified. Majority of the identified compounds have been reported to possess many biological activities. Among them, we reported 10 new anticancer compounds (Vitamin E; Hexadecanoic acid; Stigmast-5-en-3-ol; Phytol,2-hexadecen-1-ol,3,7,11,15-tetramethyl; Squalene; Hexadecanoic acid; 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethyl ester; Oxime,methoxy-phenyl,methyl N-hydroxyben-zenecarboximidoate; Ergost-5-en-3-ol; 9,12- Octadecad-ienoic acid and Farnesol) from A. maurorum using three solvent, while the best effective solvent was petroluem ether. Therefore, we report that A. maurorum has great potential to be developed into anticancer drugs.

Effect of Foliar Application of Alhagi maurorum Extract on Foeniculum vulgare Growth

“…Figure 3 shows the fresh weight of fennel plants after the treatment with A. maurorum extract. The spraying with 1.5 gL -1 of shoot extract only and roots extract only, as well as with 3 gL -1 of shoot extract of A. maurorum caused a significant increase in the fresh weight of fennel plants (27,25,33) g respectively compared to control 20 g without any effect for study factors interaction (Figure 3). At the same time, the spraying with all concentrations of shoot and root extracts of A. maurorum led to a significant increase in the dry weight of F. vulgare compared to the control (Figure 4).…”

“…). Increase the height of fennel plants when sprayed with shoot and roots of A. maurorum or camelthorn extracts due to the rich content of phenolic compounds such as 1,3-Butanadiol,1,3-butylene glycol, 4-Fluoroveratrole, fluorobenzene,3,4-methoxy and 2,3-Dimethylpenzene 27 Phenolic compounds are responsible for the growth of the plant by helping in cell wall formation, these pools of wall-bound phenolic compound act as a reservoir of phenylpropanoid units for lignin biosynthesis or they act as representative to beginnings of lignification itself 28 . However, spraying.…”

“…In some countries, plant growth is controlled as a weed by several methods. However, A. maurorum is rich in critical phytochemical compounds, secondary metabolites that increase under stress, such as flavonoids, fatty acids, coumarins, carbohydrates, tannins, unsaturated sterols, glycosides, sterols, steroids, resins, minerals, vitamins, alkaloids and triterpenes [22][23][24] . Treatment of winter and summer crops with aqueous extract of A. maurorum caused an increase in total chlorophyll, carotenoids, glutathione, and protein content 25 .…”

Potency of Alhagi maurorum plant extracts as phytoacaricidal against Panonychus citri (Acari: Tetranychidae)

“…Alhagi plant contains defensive compounds like phenolic and flavonoid compounds and many of different flavonoids were isolated (Sultan et al, 2011). Mostafa and Essawy (2019) isolated some new anticancer bioactive compounds from A. maurorum. Some studies were investigated on Alhagi species and it indicated many secondary metabolism compounds like alkaloids, fatty acids, flavonoids, coumarins, and sterols (Behari and Gupt 1980, Kalhoro et al, 1997and Verma et al, 2013.…”