Assessing the need for evacuation assistance in the 100 year floodplain of South Florida

Prasad, Shivangi

doi:10.1016/j.apgeog.2015.12.005

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Including these land classes in exposure assessments can lead to misalignment of people and exposed areas. Dasymetric mapping addresses this problem, employing ancillary data to spatially distribute coarse gridded or polygonal data to realistic locations (Mennis 2003;Maantay et al 2007;Prasad 2016). Land use/land cover data are the most oft-applied type of ancillary data (Zandbergen and Ignizio 2010), and dasymetric population mapping is now often employed in flood exposure and risk analysis.…”

Section: Flood Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Flood exposure and social vulnerability in the United States

et al. 2021

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Human exposure to floods continues to increase, driven by changes in hydrology and land use. Adverse impacts amplify for socially vulnerable populations, who disproportionately inhabit flood-prone areas. This study explores the geography of flood exposure and social vulnerability in the conterminous United States based on spatial analysis of fluvial and pluvial flood extent, land cover, and social vulnerability. Using bivariate Local Indicators of Spatial Association, we map hotspots where high flood exposure and high social vulnerability converge and identify dominant indicators of social vulnerability within these places. The hotspots, home to approximately 19 million people, occur predominantly in rural areas and across the US South. Mobile homes and racial minorities are most overrepresented in hotspots compared to elsewhere. The results identify priority locations where interventions can mitigate both physical and social aspects of flood vulnerability. The variables that most distinguish the clusters are used to develop an indicator set of social vulnerability to flood exposure. Understanding who is most exposed to floods and where, can be used to tailor mitigation strategies to target those most in need.

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Section: Flood Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Flood exposure and social vulnerability in the United States

et al. 2021

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“…[89][90][91][92][93][94][95]. Another significant effect is associated both with the refusal of part of the population to evacuate, and with the uncertainty in the behavior of people evacuating on their own, for example, when choosing evacuation routes and evacuation points [89,96,97]. The third factor is the problem of the intensity of the traffic flow of self-evacuation of the population by private transport (see transport models of self-evacuation [31,32]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Problem of Effective Evacuation of the Population from Floodplains under Threat of Flooding: Algorithmic and Software Support with Shortage of Resources

et al. 2023

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Extreme flooding of the floodplains of large lowland rivers poses a danger to the population due to the vastness of the flooded areas. This requires the organization of safe evacuation in conditions of a shortage of temporary and transport resources due to significant differences in the moments of flooding of different spatial parts. We consider the case of a shortage of evacuation vehicles, in which the safe evacuation of the entire population to permanent evacuation points is impossible. Therefore, the evacuation is divided into two stages with the organization of temporary evacuation points on evacuation routes. Our goal is to develop a method for analyzing the minimum resource requirement for the safe evacuation of the population of floodplain territories based on a mathematical model of flood dynamics and minimizing the number of vehicles on a set of safe evacuation schedules. The core of the approach is a numerical hydrodynamic model in shallow water approximation. Modeling the hydrological regime of a real water body requires a multi-layer geoinformation model of the territory with layers of relief, channel structure, and social infrastructure. High-performance computing is performed on GPUs using CUDA. The optimization problem is a variant of the resource investment problem of scheduling theory with deadlines for completing work and is solved on the basis of a heuristic algorithm. We use the results of numerical simulation of floods for the Northern part of the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain to plot the dependence of the minimum number of vehicles that ensure the safe evacuation of the population. The minimum transport resources depend on the water discharge in the Volga river, the start of the evacuation, and the localization of temporary evacuation points. The developed algorithm constructs a set of safe evacuation schedules for the minimum allowable number of vehicles in various flood scenarios. The population evacuation schedules constructed for the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain can be used in practice for various vast river valleys.

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“…All study indicators were measured by summing the percentages of specific risk-effect areas (divided by the total area of each district sample), multiplied by the corresponding risk-level value of the risk map (Prasad, 2016). By Eq.…”

Section: Hazard Risk Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Equation (2) and Eq. (3) were assumed that all indicators contributed evenly to the final risk value (Prasad, 2016;Kontokosta and Malik, 2018). This assumption provides significant flexibility with respect to the required input data and the practicability at a local level (Wegscheider et al, 2001).…”

Section: Hazard Risk Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies to increase the accessibility of tsunami shelters enhances their adaptive capacity to risks in coastal port cities: The case of Nagoya City, Japan

Zhang

Yun

2018

Preprint

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Abstract. Coastal areas face a significant risk of tsunami after a nearby heavy earthquake. Comprehensive coastal port cities often complicate and intensify this risk, due to the high vulnerability of their communities and liabilities associated with secondary damage. Accessibility to tsunami shelters is a key measure of adaptive capacity in response to tsunami risks and should therefore be enhanced. This study integrates the hazards that create risk into two dimensions: hazard-product risk and hazard-affected risk. Specifically, the hazard-product risk measures the hazard occurrence's probability, intensity, duration, and extension in a system. The hazard-affected risk measures the extent to which the system is affected by the hazard occurrence. This enables the study of specific strategies for responding to each kind of risk, to enhance accessibility to tsunami shelters. Nagoya City in Japan served as the case study; the city is one of the most advanced tsunami-resilient port cities in the world. The spatial distribution of the hazard-product risk and hazard-affected risk was first visualized in 165 School District samples, covering 213 km2 using a Hot Spot Analysis. The results suggest that the rules governing the distribution of these two-dimensional (2D) risks are significantly different. By refining the tsunami evacuation time-space routes, traffic location related indicators, referring to three-scale traffic patterns with three-hierarchy traffic roads, are used as accessibility variables. Two-way Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was used to analyse the differences in these accessibility variables to compare the 2D risk. MANOVA was also used to assess the difference of accessibility between high-level risk and low-level risk in each risk dimension. The results show that tsunami shelter accessibility strategies, targeting hazard-product risk and hazard-affected risk, are significantly different in Nagoya. These different strategies are needed to adapt to the risk.

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Assessing the need for evacuation assistance in the 100 year floodplain of South Florida

Cited by 18 publications

References 40 publications

Flood exposure and social vulnerability in the United States

Flood exposure and social vulnerability in the United States

The Problem of Effective Evacuation of the Population from Floodplains under Threat of Flooding: Algorithmic and Software Support with Shortage of Resources

Strategies to increase the accessibility of tsunami shelters enhances their adaptive capacity to risks in coastal port cities: The case of Nagoya City, Japan

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