Assessing the effect of Alnus roots on hillslope stability in order to use in soil bioengineering

Naghdi, Ramin; Maleki, Sedigheh; Abdi, Ehsan; Mousavi, Rouhollah; Nikooy, Mehrdad

doi:10.17221/47/2013-jfs

Cited by 37 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Therefore, it is necessary to establish a stable community and an optimized plant structure, which in turn improves slope stability and reduces soil erosion [3].…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Substrate Material on Plant Growth and Nutrient Loss

Sun

Wang

et al. 2018

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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The number of road engineering and construction projects that create rock slopes has been increasing year by year, instigating a series of geologic hazards and ecosystem destruction such as landslides, mudflows, and so on. The ecosystems are thus in an urgent need for recovery and reconstruction. However, ecological restoration processes of rock slopes are more challenging compared to those of clay slopes because rock slopes are highly heterogeneous and do not provide favorable soil conditions for plant growth, especially due to the lack of nutrient accumulation and lower heat and moisture capacity [1]. Thus, rock slopes present complex and varied ecosystems that do not support plant growth.Pol. J. Environ. Stud. Vol. 27, No. 6 (2018), 2821-2832 AbstractWe investigated substrate material and the effects of different fertilizers and water levels as variable factors for slope restoration. A field rainfall monitoring experiment was carried out to explore morphological changes in Amorpha fruticosa L., the water-holding capacity of its leaves under different water and nutrient gradients, and the nutrient losses from the substrate. The results showed that nutrient loss by runoff was significantly affected by fertilizer use and they increased with the increased application of fertilizers. The concentration of nitrogen in runoff was insignificant, the concentration of phosphorus was increased, and the runoff concentration of potassium was decreased after increasing water-retaining agent levels in the substrate. The concentration of nutrients in runoff from rainfall generally followed a trend of slight fluctuations, then a rise, and finally a decrease. The addition of F2 fertilizer produced the lowest nitrogen losses from substrate material and reduced the leaf area where the addition of phosphate fertilizer had a significant effect on crown diameter. At greater content of the water-retaining agent, the water in substrate material increased, resulting in increased water absorption by the plants and increased relative water content of leaves. Ultimately, W3F4 was the most favorable combination of water-retaining agent and fertilizer concentration for plant growth, which may be related to runoff losses. This combination provides optimal conditions under which the plant can maintain a perfect balance of nutrients and thus improve plant growth indices.

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“…Therefore, it is necessary to establish a stable community and an optimized plant structure, which in turn improves slope stability and reduces soil erosion [3].…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Substrate Material on Plant Growth and Nutrient Loss

Sun

Wang

et al. 2018

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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“…Roots also affect some properties of the soil, such as infiltration rate, aggregate stability, moisture content, shear strength and organic matter content, all of which control soil erosion rates to various degrees (de Baets et al 2008). The magnitude of root reinforcement mostly depends on root distribution and root mechanical properties (especially root tensile strengths) Genet et al 2008;Ji et al 2012;Naghdi et al 2013). The most common index for root density in bioengineering studies is the root area ratio (RAR) which provides a measure of root density within the soil.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Abernethy, Ruthefurd, 2001;Bischetti et al 2002;Genet et al 2005Genet et al , 2008Naghdi et al 2013) but few studies have been conducted investigating the influence of Hyrcanian plant roots on the soil strength (e.g. Biba-lani, Majnonian 2007; Abdi et al 2009Abdi et al , 2010 and information on Hyrcanian plant root characteristics and their use for soil erosion control is very limited.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Oriental beech root reinforcement on slope stability (Hyrcanian Forest, Iran)

Abdi

2014

J. For. Sci.

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Vegetation significantly affects hillslope mechanical properties related to shallow landslides and slope stability. The objective of this study was to investigate and quantify the effect of Oriental beech root reinforcement on slope stability. A part of Hyrcanian forest in northern Iran was selected for the study area. To do the research, the Wu model (WM) was used and data related to the distribution and tensile strength of Oriental beech roots were collected. Root distribution was assessed using the concept of the root area ratio and trenching method. Laboratory tensile tests were conducted on fresh roots for strength characteristics. The factor of safety was calculated for two different soil thicknesses (1 and 2 m) and slope gradients between 10 and 45°. The results showed that the root distribution generally decreased with increasing soil depth and the mean root strength value was 38.23 ± 1.19 MPa for 0.35-5.60 mm diameter range. The results verified a power relationship between tensile strength and root diameter. The reinforcement effect (C r ) decreased with depth and the strongest reinforcement effect was in the second soil layer (10-20 cm) which showed a shear strength increase of 1.47 kPa. The increased factor of safety due to the presence of roots in one-and two-metre soil thicknesses was 27-44% and 15-26%, respectively. The improvement effect of roots was increased with increasing slope gradient and shallower soil thicknesses.

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“…On the other hand, environmental conditions affect root cellulose content (Genet et al, 2005;Hales et al, 2009). The mean tensile strength of this study is 44.11 MPa which compared with other hardwood species, including Persian Ironwood 31.34 MPafor downhill and 25.20 for uphill (Abdi et al, 2010b), Quercus robur 32 MPa (Greenway, 1987), Alnussubcor data16.29 MPa (Naghdi et al, 2013). Therefore tensile strength is influenced by plant species and root diameter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Investigation of Root Distribution and Tensile Strength of Acacia mangium Willd (Fabaceae) in the Rainforest

Lateh¹,

Avani²,

Ghassem³

2014

GJBS

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The purpose of this study is to complement the existing body of knowledge on the root system of tropical plants and their contribution to slope stability. For this reason, four trees of Acacia mangium selected as randomly in rainforest along East-West Highway, Malaysia. Root area ratio (RAR) and tensile strength (Tr) data were collected and analyzed. RAR data were measured with the whole root system and Tr were measured by individual roots. The results showed that there is a power law equation between root diameter and Tr, with an average of 44.11 Mpa (in average root diameter of 0.9mm). There was a wide variation in the RAR in relation to soil depth. Generally, RAR reduced with the increasing soil depth. Similarly, additional cohesion by plant roots conducted by Tr and RAR. In conclusion, in order to assess soil reinforcement by vegetation roots, root distribution and tensile strength data with soil depth in different vegetation and sites is necessary.

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Assessing the effect of Alnus roots on hillslope stability in order to use in soil bioengineering

Cited by 37 publications

References 29 publications

Effects of Substrate Material on Plant Growth and Nutrient Loss

Effects of Substrate Material on Plant Growth and Nutrient Loss

Effect of Oriental beech root reinforcement on slope stability (Hyrcanian Forest, Iran)

Investigation of Root Distribution and Tensile Strength of Acacia mangium Willd (Fabaceae) in the Rainforest

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