Assessing Nanoparticle Toxicity

Love, Sara A.; Maurer-Jones, Melissa A.; Thompson, John W.; Yu, Lin; Haynes, Christy L.

doi:10.1146/annurev-anchem-062011-143134

Cited by 323 publications

(207 citation statements)

References 143 publications

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“…The consideration of NPs-associated hazards is prerequisite for risk assessment and safety (15). We have developed a drug delivery system, CNPs, as CS has various positive factors such as its biocompatibility, degradability, and nontoxic, and also, the absorption drug encapsulated into CNPs can be improved and can also effectively protect them effectively from enzyme degradation in vivo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity in Human Embryonic Kidney Cells Exposed to Surface Modify Chitosan Nanoparticles Loaded with Curcumin

et al. 2015

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Abstract. The rapid progress in the development and scientific investments of modified nanoparticles are due to their owed activity to various diseased conditions for which they are prepared. But the toxicity which they cause cannot be overlooked. The present study demonstrates the development of phosphatidylserine (PS)-coated chitosan (CS) nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with curcumin (CU), which was then investigated against human embryonic kidney cells (HEK 293) for its cytotoxic and genotoxic effect in rats. The CU-loaded CNPs (CNPs-CU) have been prepared by ionic gelation method, later which were grafted with PS. CNPs-CU and PS-CNPs-CU have been evaluated for their size, poly dispersity index, amount of drug entrapped, and in vitro CU release. CNPs-CU has an average size 167.6 ± 3.53 nm and polydispersity index (PDI) 0.115 ± 0.014, whereas PS-CNPs-CU shows average size 220 ± 3.67 nm and PDI 0.148 ± 0.019. Surface morphology of prepared NPs was confirmed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). There was no major difference in cell viability between PS-CNPs-CU and CNPs-CU when they were exposed to HEK 293 cells at all equivalent concentrations. A series of genotoxic studies were conducted, which revealed the non-genotoxicity potential of the developed complexes. These results demonstrated that PS-CNPs-CU may be useful as potential delivery system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity in Human Embryonic Kidney Cells Exposed to Surface Modify Chitosan Nanoparticles Loaded with Curcumin

et al. 2015

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“…The enhanced or altered physico-chemical properties of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) as compared to the bulk materials have resulted in their widespread use in several consumer, cosmetic, medical, pharmaceutical and agriculture applications [11,19]. However, the release of ENPs from these products to the environment could result in environmental contamination by creating nano-waste which can create unknown potential ecotoxicological problems [2,5,34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of zinc oxide nanoparticles toxicity in root growth in wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) seedlings

Prakash¹,

Chung²

2016

Acta Biologica Hungarica

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The effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) was studied in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings under in vitro exposure conditions. To avoid precipitation of nanoparticles, the seedlings were grown in half strength semisolid Murashige and Skoog medium containing 0, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 500 mg L -1 of ZnONPs. Analysis of zinc (Zn) content showed significant increase in roots. In vivo detection using fluorescent probe Zynpyr-1 indicated accumulation of Zn in primary and lateral root tips. All concentrations of ZnONPs significantly reduced root growth. However, significant decrease in shoot growth was observed only after exposure to 400 and 500 mg L -1 of ZnONPs. The reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation levels significantly increased in roots. Significant increase in cell-wall bound peroxidase activity was observed after exposure to 500 mg L -1 of ZnONPs. Histochemical staining with phloroglucinol-HCl showed lignification of root cells upon exposure to 500 mg L -1 of ZnONPs. Treatment with propidium iodide indicated loss of cell viability in root tips of wheat seedlings. These results suggest that redox imbalances, lignification and cell death has resulted in reduction of root growth in wheat seedlings exposed to ZnONPs nanoparticles.

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“…This reactivity can lead to toxicity due to interaction between nanomaterials and biological components [7]. MNP toxicity also depends on other factors such as chemical composition, size, shape, surface coating, structure, porosity, solubility, surface charge, aggregation and oxidation [8][9][10]; this makes it difficult to draw general conclusions about their safety and biocompatibility. Previous studies analyzed in vitro toxicity of several kinds of iron oxide MNP on different cell types, with variable results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long term biotransformation and toxicity of dimercaptosuccinic acid-coated magnetic nanoparticles support their use in biomedical applications

Mejías

Gutiérrez

Salas

et al. 2013

Journal of Controlled Release

117

106

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Although iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) have been proposed for numerous biomedical applications, little is known about their biotransformation and long-term toxicity in the body. Dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA)-coated magnetic nanoparticles have been proven efficient for in vivo drug delivery, but these results must nonetheless be sustained by comprehensive studies of long-term distribution, degradation and toxicity. We studied DMSA-coated magnetic nanoparticles effects in vitro on NCTC 1469 nonparenchymal hepatocytes, and analyzed their biodistribution and biotransformation in vivo in C57BL/6 mice. Our results indicate that DMSA-coated magnetic nanoparticles have little effect on cell viability, oxidative stress, cell cycle or apoptosis on NCTC 1469 cells in vitro. In vivo distribution and transformation was studied by alternating current magnetic susceptibility measurements, a technique that permits distinction of MNP from other iron species. Our results show that DMSA-coated MNP accumulate in spleen, liver and lung tissues for extended periods of time, in which nanoparticles undergo a process of conversion from superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles to other nonsuperparamagnetic iron forms, with no significant signs of toxicity.

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Assessing Nanoparticle Toxicity

Cited by 323 publications

References 143 publications

Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity in Human Embryonic Kidney Cells Exposed to Surface Modify Chitosan Nanoparticles Loaded with Curcumin

Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity in Human Embryonic Kidney Cells Exposed to Surface Modify Chitosan Nanoparticles Loaded with Curcumin

Determination of zinc oxide nanoparticles toxicity in root growth in wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) seedlings

Long term biotransformation and toxicity of dimercaptosuccinic acid-coated magnetic nanoparticles support their use in biomedical applications

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