Assessing Efficacy of Combined Riboflavin and UV-A Light (365 nm) Treatment of<i>Acanthamoeba</i>Trophozoites

Kashiwabuchi, Renata T.; Carvalho, Fábio Ramos de Souza; Khan, Yasín A.; Freitas, Denise de; Foronda, Annette Silva; Hirai, Flávio E.; Campos, Mauro; McDonnell, Peter J.

doi:10.1167/iovs.11-8382

Cited by 56 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Others corroborated this in hamsters, cats, and pigs (Ledbetter EC, et al IOVS 2012;53:AR-VO E-Abstract 6146). 19,23,24,[26][27][28]30 However, good results have been shown using exposure times of 24 hours in rats and mice, 4 to 5 days in pigs and 3 to 6 days in hamsters, but not with 4 to 5 days in rabbits. 4,5,9,10,[16][17][18][20][21][22]25,29 Contact lenses serve as a mechanical vector for transmitting trophozoites to the corneal surface, facilitating parasite binding to the epithelium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Rabbit Model of Acanthamoeba Keratitis: Use of Infected Soft Contact Lenses After Corneal Epithelium Debridement With a Diamond Burr

Ortillés

Goñi

Rubio

et al. 2017

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Citation: OrtillésÁ, Goñi P, Rubio E, et al. A rabbit model of Acanthamoeba keratitis: use of infected soft contact lenses after corneal epithelium debridement with a diamond burr. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2017;58:121858: -122758: . DOI:10.1167 PURPOSE. To develop a rabbit model of Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) as the best method to reproduce the natural course of this disease. METHODS.To induce AK, infected contact lenses (1000 amoebae/mm 2 , 90% trophozoites) were placed over the previously debrided corneal surface, in combination with a temporary tarsorrhaphy. Environmental and clinical strains of Acanthamoeba spp. (genotype T4) were used. Three groups (1L, n ¼ 32; 2L-21d, n ¼ 5; 2L-3d, n ¼ 23) were established according to the number of contact lenses used (1L, 1 lens; 2L-21d and 2L-3d, 2 lenses) and the placement day of these (1L, day 1; 2L-21d, days 1 and 21; 2L-3d, days 1 and 3). The infection was quantified by a clinical score system and confirmed using corneal cytology and culture, polymerase chain reaction and histopathologic analysis.RESULTS. The infection rate obtained was high (1L, 87.5%; 2L-21d, 100%; 2L-3d, 82.6%), although no clinical signs were observed in the 50% of the infected animals in group 1L. Among groups, group 2L-3d showed more cases of moderate and severe infection. Among strains, no statistically significant differences were found in the infection rate. In the control eyes, cross infection was confirmed when a sterile contact lens was placed in the previously debrided corneas but not if the eye remained intact.CONCLUSIONS. The combination of two infected contact lenses after corneal debridement seems to be an alternative model, clinically and histopathologically similar to its human counterpart, to induce the different AK stages and reproduce the course of the disease in rabbits.Keywords: Acanthamoeba, corneal infection, keratitis, animal model, rabbit M ost research about Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) has been performed in vitro; 1-3 however, the conclusions obtained cannot always be extrapolated to clinical situations. The development, validation and use of an in vivo experimental animal model similar to the course of this disease, is essential for a knowledge improvement of different key aspects, such as its risks factors, the clinical, immunologic, biological, and pathologic characteristics, the diagnostic possibilities, and especially for in vivo testing of new therapeutic agents. 3,4 In vivo AK models have been described using species, such as rabbit, rat, mouse, hamster, cat, and pig (Font RL, et al. IOVS 1981;20:ARVO Abstract 8; Ledbetter EC, et al. IOVS 2012;53:AR-VO E-Abstract 6146). [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] To induce AK, intrastromal injection is a fast method to achieve high infection rates but with severe signs and complications, such as endophthalmitis and even death (Font RL, et al. IOVS 1981;20:ARVO Abstract 8). 7,9,[11][12][13][14][15] Other techniques, including subconjunctival injection, irrigation of abraded cornea with parasite-rich inocula, deposition of para...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,9,10,12,23,25,26,[28][29][30] On the other hand, He et al 5 were not capable to induce AK in rabbits. For all of these models, the total days of clinical evaluation were 21 days in rats, 15 to 21 days in mice, 14 to 35 days in hamsters, 21 days in cats, 28 to 84 days in pigs, and 30 days in rabbits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Rabbit Model of Acanthamoeba Keratitis: Use of Infected Soft Contact Lenses After Corneal Epithelium Debridement With a Diamond Burr

Ortillés

Goñi

Rubio

et al. 2017

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…Однако в ходе эксперимента на акантаме-бах in vitro было зарегистрировано замедление роста Acanthamoeba castellanii под воздействием исключи-тельно УФА [23,24]. Это может отчасти объяснить клинический эффект, о котором сообщается в неко-торых работах, у пациентов с клиническими при-знаками акантамебного кератита (АК), регрессиро-вавшего после проведения КРЛ.…”

Section: кросслинкингunclassified

Modern treatments for purulent corneal ulcers

Kasparova¹

2016

Vestn. oftal'mol.

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“…It is believed that an early start of a specific therapeutic procedure may increase the chances of restoring normal health conditions with minimal side effects and maximum patient's quality of life at the bedside [4,5]. For instance, laboratory assays of Acanthamoeba strains and clinical isolates on in vitro drug sensitivity tests [1,6,7] development of new therapeutic patterns [8,9] the characterization of differential virulence factors, as well as investigation of the cytopathic effects in cell culture and animal models [10][11][12] provide meaningful data.…”

Section: Translational Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Translational and Reverse Translational Research Supporting Precision Medicine: Acanthamoeba Keratitis as a Model of Linkage between Clinical and Basic Research Focused on Personalized Ophthalmology

Carvalho¹

2014

OCR

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Translational Research is defined as Scientific Research conducted in order to apply discoveries from basic sciences for developing new applications to improve clinical practice and patient's welfare, including rapid, specific and sensitive diagnostic methods, and safely effective therapeutic agents. The translational approach "from bench to bedside" has limited success if there is not a reverse path. Reverse translational research ensures the feedback "from bedside to bench" and helps identifying specific subjects that demand laboratory investigation or establishing inferences between laboratory findings and clinical observations. Precision medicine employs scientific advances and discoveries from basic sciences on the clinical research to provide an accurate diagnosis followed by a personalized care for each patient, selecting the most suitable therapy pattern for a specific etiology. In the genomic era, a full and integrative cycle between these three areas of translation is now possible. Management of knowledge concerning the application of molecular biology, biochemistry and cellular technologies can offer personalized application of basic sciences' tools within a specific sub-specialty of ophthalmology. Advanced basic science supported by current omics technologies provides a potential linkage between the standardized experimental data-from in vitro and in vivo assays under controlled laboratorial environment and the applied science used in clinical routine. The linkage between both basic and applied sciences focuses on the improvement of human health. The three main aspects of cyclic interaction constituted by the two-way approaches between bench top and bedside with main focus on the application of precision medicine to provide knowledge about human diseases are illustrated here with examples in the context of Acanthamoeba keratitis. This paper presents translational approaches in the ophthalmology field and visual sciences, available technologies, and promising issues to be investigated through reverse translational research, such as searching for specific biomarkers, setting up prognostic factors and recognizing differential profiles of host resistance and pathogen virulence. These advances may render benefits for the practice of personalized medicine. Fábio Ramos de Souza Carvalho*, Linda Christian Carrijo-Carvalho and Denise de Freitas

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Assessing Efficacy of Combined Riboflavin and UV-A Light (365 nm) Treatment ofAcanthamoebaTrophozoites

Abstract: The adjunctive use of UV-A and B2 therapy did not demonstrate antitrophozoite activity; in vivo UV-A and B2 did not demonstrate efficacy in this model.

Cited by 56 publications

References 37 publications

A Rabbit Model of Acanthamoeba Keratitis: Use of Infected Soft Contact Lenses After Corneal Epithelium Debridement With a Diamond Burr

A Rabbit Model of Acanthamoeba Keratitis: Use of Infected Soft Contact Lenses After Corneal Epithelium Debridement With a Diamond Burr

Modern treatments for purulent corneal ulcers

Translational and Reverse Translational Research Supporting Precision Medicine: Acanthamoeba Keratitis as a Model of Linkage between Clinical and Basic Research Focused on Personalized Ophthalmology

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