Aspectos da biologia e morfologia de machos da mosca-dos-brotos (Diptera: Lonchaeidae)

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The aim of this study was to determine biological and morphological patterns of the male shoot fly, Neosilba perezi (Diptera: Lonchaeidae). Under laboratory conditions, the incubation period of eggs took two days, on average (viability of eggs: 55.5%). Bred on an artificial diet, based on cassava flour, the mean time of development of the newly hatched larvae to pupa formation occurred in 15 days, and the average pupal period took 23 days. Finally, the biological cycle, from egg to adult, lasted approximately 40 days. The eggs are white colored, have an elliptical form and are about 960 ± 5.30 µm long and 290 ± 1.30 µm large in the central region; the vermiform larvae, third instar, are milky white and are ± 10 mm long (3 rd instar).

Occurrence and distribution of lace bug, whitefly, and shoot fly pest species on cassava (Manihot esculenta) crops according to region in Paraná State, Brazil

“…Infested shoots can die and result in excessive sprouting of lateral gems due to loss of apical dominance of the plant, resulting in delayed plant development (Lozano et al, 1983;L. S. Souza & Fialho, 2003;Gisloti & Prado, 2013).…”

“…These crops could be a unique income source for resource-poor families. In general, cassava pests develop properly in environmental conditions that are suitable for the related plants, particularly under higher temperatures (Waddill, 1977;Gisloti & Prado, 2013;Bellon et al, 2017;Miranda et al, 2009;Andrade et al, 2012), which generally occur in the Paraná regions in spring and summer.…”

“…In general, cassava pests prefer the same conditions as the affected plant. N. perezi shows improved development under warming temperatures (Waddill, 1977) and has a life cycle of approximately 40 days (Gisloti & Prado, 2013). V. illudens populations are affected by temperature, but not by precipitation and relative humidity (Bellon et al, 2017).…”

Influência da temperatura no desenvolvimento pupal da mosca da parte aérea da mandioca (Neosilba perezi, Diptera, Lonchaeidae)

“…Females oviposit in cassava shoots, from where their larvae hatch from two to four days and start to feed and develop for about 15 to 23 days. After this period, the larvae leaves the plant to pupate in the soil, completing their life cycle in 40 or 50 days, depending on the temperature (BELLOTTI, 2002;DE LORENZI & NORA, 2016;GISLOTI & PRADO, 2013).…”

Neosilba Perezi (Romero & Ruppel, 1973) (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) Damage Simulation on the Production of Stem Cuttings and the Productive Aspects of Cassava

“…The cassava plant is prey to attacks from a large number of arthropod pests, which can cause damage to every part of the plant, causing losses in productivity (Bellotti et al, 1999(Bellotti et al, , 2012. The flies from the Lonchaeidae family contain species which can cause loss to many crops with an agricultural importance (Strikis & Prado, 2005), among them, the Neosilba perezi (Romero & Ruppel, 1973), which is associated with the cassava plant (Gisloti & Prado, 2013) and occurs in the major productive regions of Brazil (De Lorenzi & Nora, 2016;Gisloti & Prado, 2011;Lonchaeidae Online, 2015). Females of N. perezi lay eggs between the bud`s leaves, the larvae hatch in about four days, perforate the not yet expanded leaves, causing the death of the apical bud (Hogue, 1993;Farias et al, 2007…”