Ascorbic acid: Chemistry, biology and the treatment of cancer

Du, Juan; Cullen, Joseph J.; Buettner, Garry R.

doi:10.1016/j.bbcan.2012.06.003

Cited by 752 publications

(968 citation statements)

References 249 publications

(250 reference statements)

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“…Ferritin, redox-reactive (i.e., catalytic) iron, and ascorbate oxidation rate are elevated in systemic blood collected from septic patients (19)(20)(21)56). Extracellular ferritin or damaged extracellular proteins may be sources of redox-reactive iron that oxidizes ascorbate in blood and interstitial fluid (12,14). The use of exogenous ascorbate to raise plasma ascorbate concentration is reviewed immediately below and the potential for ascorbate repletion to alter oxidative damage in septic patients is discussed afterward, particularly in the section entitled ''Vitamin C dosage and safety.''…”

Section: Vitamin C Depletion and Repletion In Sepsismentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Vitamin C for Adjuvant Sepsis Therapy

Wilson

2013

Antioxidants & Redox Signaling

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Significance: Evidence is emerging that parenteral administration of high-dose vitamin C may warrant development as an adjuvant therapy for patients with sepsis. Recent Advances: Sepsis increases risk of death and disability, but its treatment consists only of supportive therapies because no specific therapy is available. The characteristics of severe sepsis include ascorbate (reduced vitamin C) depletion, excessive protein nitration in microvascular endothelial cells, and microvascular dysfunction composed of refractive vasodilation, endothelial barrier dysfunction, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Parenteral administration of ascorbate prevents or even reverses these pathological changes and thereby decreases hypotension, edema, multiorgan failure, and death in animal models of sepsis. Critical Issues: Dehydroascorbic acid appears to be as effective as ascorbate for protection against microvascular dysfunction, organ failure, and death when injected in sepsis models, but information about pharmacodynamics and safety in human subjects is only available for ascorbate. Although the plasma ascorbate concentration in critically ill and septic patients is normalized by repletion protocols that use high doses of parenteral ascorbate, and such doses are tolerated well by most healthy subjects, whether such large amounts of the vitamin trigger adverse effects in patients is uncertain. Future Directions: Further study of sepsis models may determine if high concentrations of ascorbate in interstitial fluid have pro-oxidant and bacteriostatic actions that also modify disease progression. However, the ascorbate depletion observed in septic patients receiving standard care and the therapeutic mechanisms established in models are sufficient evidence to support clinical trials of parenteral ascorbate as an adjuvant therapy for sepsis.

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Section: Vitamin C Depletion and Repletion In Sepsismentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Vitamin C for Adjuvant Sepsis Therapy

Wilson

2013

Antioxidants & Redox Signaling

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“…[2] Besides its well-known treatment to scurvy, high-dose of AA has also been used to treat cancer since 1970s, and is still holding the potential as a therapeutic method. [3] In addition, abnormal AA concentration in human body fluids is associated with various diseases. [4] In nature, a wide variety of food sources contain AA, e. g. citrus fruits, pineapples, sweet peppers, broccoli, curly kale, cauliflower, black currants, and dog rose.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interference-blind microfluidic sensor for ascorbic acid determination by UV/vis spectroscopy

Fernandes

Cardoso

et al. 2016

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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A microfluidic sensor is developed and targeted at specific ingredients determination in drug/food/beverage matrices. The surface of a serpentine polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microchannel is modified by enzyme via physisorption. When solutions containing target ingredients pass through the microfluidic channel, enzyme-catalyzed reaction occurs and only converts the target molecules to its products. The whole process is monitored by an end-channel UV/vis spectroscopic detection. Ascorbate oxidase and L-ascorbic acid (AA) are taken as enzyme-substrate model in this study to investigate the feasibility of using the developed strategy for direct quantification of AA in standard solutions and complex matrices. A dietary supplement product, vitamin C tablet, is chosen as a model matrix to test the microfluidic bio-sensor in real-sample analysis. The results illustrate that the established microfluidic biosensor exhibits good reproducibility, stability, and anti-interference property. Technically, it is easy to realize, depends on low investment in chip fabrication, and simple instrumental procedure, where only UV/vis spectrophotometer is required. To sum up, the developed strategy is economical, specific, and accurate, and can be potentially used for fast quantification of ingredient in samples with complex matrix background. It is promising to be widely spread in food industry and quality control department.

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“…Physiological concentrations of ascorbate demonstrated inhibition of LDL oxidation and a synergistic action with vitamin E preventing lipid oxidation of cell membranes. 14 Studies describe that intravenous ascorbic acid is more effective for raising serum levels of ascorbate than the form administered orally. 15 Clinical studies showed that reductions in the levels of C-reactive protein and proinflammatory cytokines, resulting in decreased inflammation, are the main mechanisms antioxidant.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ascorbate is relatively unreactive due to the stability of the unpaired electron and oxidizes ascorbic acid to DHA; this reducing agent function is what maintains the structure of enzymes, thus allowing the biochemical machinery of cells and tissues functioning normally. 14 Low electron potential and resonance stability is what makes it an antioxidant. The authors also reported that vitamin C plays the role of collecting reactive oxygen species, acting as an antioxidant for maintaining the intracellular redox balance and minimizing the oxidative damage caused by these free radicals.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ascorbic acid in the prevention and treatment of cancer

Mata

Carvalho

Alencar

et al. 2016

Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras.

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Mata aMOF da et al. 680rev assoC med bras 2016; 62(7):680-686 This review is aimed at the systematic mapping of ascorbic acid in the prevention and/or treatment of cancer in clinical and non-clinical studies from 2011 to 2015, in order to understand dose-response variations as well as its mechanisms of action as an antioxidant and antitumor agent. Seventy-eight articles were retrieved from the PubMed/Bireme database, of which only 30 included ascorbic acid in the prevention and/or treatment of cancer. However, there are controversies regarding doses and a lack of clinical studies featuring its mechanism of action more clearly. Other studies are needed to understand dose-response variations, as well as its targeting mechanisms of action, both as an antioxidant and antitumor agent, to assist treatment and prevention of cancer, aiming at better quality of life for both patients and the general population.

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Ascorbic acid: Chemistry, biology and the treatment of cancer

Cited by 752 publications

References 249 publications

Evaluation of Vitamin C for Adjuvant Sepsis Therapy

Evaluation of Vitamin C for Adjuvant Sepsis Therapy

Interference-blind microfluidic sensor for ascorbic acid determination by UV/vis spectroscopy

Ascorbic acid in the prevention and treatment of cancer

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