Arterial stiffness: Methods of measurement, physiologic determinants and prediction of cardiovascular outcomes

Arterial stiffness and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in chronic kidney disease patients

“…Arterial stiffness is an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease in CKD. [5][6][7] Increase in arterial stiffness emerges before atherosclerosis and has been evaluated as an early marker of systemic atherosclerosis. Arterial stiffness is independently associated with cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality.…”

“…Arterial stiffness is independently associated with cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. 4,6 Vitamin D deficiency is quite common worldwide affecting approximately 30-50% of the global population, and measuring 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is the best method for determining vitamin D deficiency due to its longer half-life. [8][9][10] Values of 25(OH)D above 30 ng/mL are considered normal.…”

“…[13][14][15] Pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index normalized with 75/min heart rate (Alx@75) are considered to be gold standard index for arterial stiffness. 1,3,6 Al Mheid et al 16 demonstrated that 25(OH)D levels negatively correlated with PWV and Alx in healthy subjects, and reported that vitamin D deficiency increased arterial stiffness effecting by vascular dysfunction.…”

Thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) rs7212 polymorphism is associated with arterial stiffness in the Brazilian general population

“…1 The decrease in arterial elasticity may also be a consequence of various pathological processes, 2 inappropriate lifestyle 2 and genetic factors. 3 Thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) is an endogenous inhibitor of the thioredoxin system (TXN), and plays a pivotal role in several important processes of cardiovascular homeostasis by functioning as a biological sensor for biomechanical and oxidative stress.…”

The Impact of Chronic Cigarette Smoking on Arterial Stiffness in Korea

“…Smoking leads to acute stiffening of the elastic and muscular type arteries and enhancement of wave reflections by nicotine's stimulation of the sympathetic nerve [9][10][11][12] . Impaired nitric oxide production and endothelial dysfunction are also known to play major roles in altering the mechanical properties of large arteries 13) . But the chronic effects of smoking on the arterial wall dynamics have been controversial 8,[14][15][16] .…”