Arsenic and antimony distribution in the Ría de Arousa: before and after the Prestige oil tanker sinking

Abstract

The behaviour of arsenic and antimony in the Ría de Arousa (Galicia, north west of Spain) and the influence of the Prestige accident in the estuary is evaluated. As and Sb were simultaneously determined by HG-ICPOES in seawater samples after a preconcentration with La in a knotted reactor. The highest As concentration is in the inner and middle parts of the ría where the current is weaker and next to the main ports of the area. The largest Sb concentrations were found in the bay of the ría. Linear variation of concentration vs. salinity for As and As/Sb ratios indicated that there was no pollution in the waters of Arousa. The Prestige oil spillage had no serious influence and the values of arsenic (most of them <1.5 microg L(-1)) are similar to the average oceanic concentration, whereas concentrations for antimony (most of them <0.15 microg L(-1)) are less than the oceanic ones.

Recent achievements in chemical hydride generation inductively coupled and microwave induced plasmas with optical emission spectrometry detection

“…Commercially available spectrometers were applied for ICP-OES and the Ar plasma in these instruments was typically axially 1,5,7,8,16,17,20,21,24,26,30,[33][34][35]40,41,[43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54] viewed. Older apparatus with radial 2,6,9,[11][12][13][14]25,27,28,32,[36][37][38][39]42,[55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62] viewing of Ar-ICP were ...…”

“…Commercial hydride generators, including PS Analytical, 32,36,38,58,59 Perkin-Elmer FIAS 400 [33][34][35]61 and GBC HG3000PII, 37,39 were applied to HG operated in FI or time controlled sample loading modes. In these systems, sample solutions were dosed into HCl carrier streams using rotary valves or sample loops of certain volumes.…”

“…An additional challenge of HG via the reaction with THB was a provision of experimental conditions for stable generation of vapors of elements of 3 to 12 groups of the periodic table (transition and noble metals), including Ag, [22][23][24] Au, [21][22][23][24][25] Cd, 21,22,24 Co, 24 Cr, 21,24 Cu, 21,22,24,26 Fe, 24 Ni, 21,24,27 Mo, 24 Mn, 21,22 Pd, 23,25 Pt, 23,25 Rh, 23 Zn, 21,22,24,28 Zr, 21 V, 21 or 13 group (Al 21 ) without cross-interferences between these elements and successful application of this technique, i.e., chemical vapor generation (CVG), to analysis of relevant environment samples. 21,25,27,28 It was difficult inasmuch as overall efficiencies of generation, separation and transport of vapor species of transition and noble metals to the plasma were relatively low.…”

“…3,5,7,15 Much work has been done on on-line coupling of solid phase extraction (SPE) using minicolumns (MCs) filled with different sorbents with HG in a flow injection (FI) mode or using timecontrolled sample loading. [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] This approach has been increasingly popular since it enabled to eliminate chemical interference in the liquid phase arising from transition metals and other elements and resulted in high enrichment of hydride forming elements prior to the HG reaction and measurements by ICP-OES. In this case, pre-concentration factors attained for hydride forming elements varied from 11 39 to 48 33 and led to a significant improvement of their detection limits (DLs).…”

Influence of Surfactant and Ionic Liquid Media on Vapor Generation and Determination of Ag, Au, Cd, Cu, Ni, Sn, and Zn Using ICP-OES

“…Complexing agents such as 8-hydroxyquinoline(1-4), phenanthroline (1,5), diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) (6)(7)(8), thiourea (9), EDTA, ascorbic acid, ferron and L-cysteine (1) have been tested. Metals such as Pd (6,10) and also Co (2)(3)(4) and Ni (1,5,9,11) have been included as catalyzers of the reaction.…”