Array-Based Discriminative Optical Biosensors for Identifying Multiple Proteins in Aqueous Solution and Biofluids

Abstract

Identification of proteins is an important issue both in medical research and in clinical practice as a large number of proteins are closely related to various diseases. Optical sensor arrays with recognition ability have been flourished to apply for distinguishing multiple chemically or structurally similar analytes and analyzing unknown or mixed samples. This review gives an overview of the recent development of array-based discriminative optical biosensors for recognizing proteins and their applications in real samples. Based on the number of sensor elements and the complexity of constructing array-based discriminative systems, these biosensors can be divided into three categories, which include multi-element-based sensor arrays, environment-sensitive sensor arrays and multi-wavelength-based single sensing systems. For each strategy, the construction of sensing platform and detection mechanism are particularly introduced. Meanwhile, the differences and connections between different strategies were discussed. An understanding of these aspects may help to facilitate the development of novel discriminative biosensors and expand their application prospects.

Carbocyanine-Based Optical Sensor Array for the Discrimination of Proteins and Rennet Samples Using Hypochlorite Oxidation

“…With that purpose, we manually excluded several data columns from the full dataset (Table 3, datasets No. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. The dataset could be reduced to 20 columns (datasets No.…”

“…The named studies allowed for the recognition of a number of proteins in water and biological fluids. Optical array-based sensing of proteins has been considered in reviews [1,2,14,15].…”

Label-Free Physical Techniques and Methodologies for Proteins Detection in Microfluidic Biosensor Structures

“…The other type of reviews are concentrated on a particular sensing technology or active substrate, i.e., photonic crystals-based biosensors for biomarker detection [ 116 ] (2021), biosensors with graphene substrates [ 117 ] (2021), [ 118 ] (2019), fluorescent sensors for single-molecule protein detection [ 119 ] (2021), [ 120 ] (2018), aptamer-based biosensors [ 121 ] (2020), [ 122 ] (2019), array-based discriminative optical biosensors for identifying multiple proteins in biofluids [ 123 ] (2020), sensors based on whispering-gallery mode (WGM) microresonators [ 124 ] (2020), label-free plasmonic [ 125 ] (2020), [ 126 ] (2019) and interferometric [ 127 ] (2019) biosensors, platforms for lateral flow quantitative assays [ 128 ] (2019), novel SERS substrates [ 129 ] (2018), label-free optical resonant sensors for biochemical applications [ 130 ] (2013), quantum dots-based biosensors [ 131 ] (2018), and colorimetric sensors for rapid detection of protein [ 132 ] (2018). Some reviews are dedicated to optical components for biosensors: micro-optics elements for microfluidic analytical applications [ 133 ] (2018) or microfiber-based microfibre based photonic components and their applications in label-free biosensing [ 134 ] (2015).…”

A facile way to construct sensor array library via supramolecular chemistry for discriminating complex systems

“…Compared with single sensors that depend on selectivity for a particular analyte, sensor arrays take into account the simultaneous cross-reactive interactions of multiple analytes and sensor units, in order to create a unique pattern or fingerprint of each analyte 3 – 5 . Nowadays, sensor arrays are widely used in industry and research 6 – 10 to detect analytes related to human health 11 – 14 , environment 15 – 17 , quality control 18 – 20 , and others. To ensure satisfactory differentiating performance, it is necessary to combine a sufficient number of sensor units to form the sensor array.…”