Are waste-based briquettes alternative fuels in developing countries? A critical review

Ferronato, Navarro; Mendoza, Iris Jabneel Calle; Portillo, Marcelo Antonio Gorritty; Conti, Fabio

doi:10.1016/j.esd.2022.03.013

Cited by 38 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…4 shows that the expansion of the briquette volume after being removed from the pressing machine indicates that the higher the torefaction of king grass biomass, the greater the change in the volume of briquettes. This is in good agreement with the argument explained in the literature [40].…”

Section: Physical and Mechanical Propertiessupporting

confidence: 94%

Untitled

2023

Jurnal Polimesin

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Indonesia is a country which has rich biological diversity. King grass (Pennisetum Purpupoides) is one of biological species which easily grow but has not yet been optimally used. This study examined the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of biobriquettes produced from king grass which has been torrefied at temperatures of 150˚C, 175˚C and 200˚C. Prior to torrefaction process, fresh king grass was chopped to a size <3 cm, dried under the sun for five days, and then put into the torrefaction reactor with a residence time of 45 minutes. The resulting solid product, i.e. biochar was then pulverized and sieved to a particle size of 40 mesh, then mixed with 20% wt binder and stirred manually to reach homogeneous. Subsequently, a purposely made press machine was used to produce briquette at a pressure of 150 kg/cm 2 followed by drying the product under the sun for three days. The briquette characterization employed several techniques including thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), bomb calorimeter, and mechanical testing. The results showed that the calorific value of king grass increased from 3747 cal/g to 4346 cal/g after the torrefaction process at a temperature of 175˚C. The results of the proximate test showed that the fixed carbon content increased from 4.76% to 25.75% after the torrefaction process at a temperature of 175˚C. In terms of mechanical properties, it is known that the torrefaction process of king grass has significantly improved the friability, density and size stability. Overall, this study has succeeded in revealing the potential use of briquette products made from king grass as alternative fuel for co-firing at steam power plant.

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Section: Physical and Mechanical Propertiessupporting

confidence: 94%

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2023

Jurnal Polimesin

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“…The nature, type and sources of MSW vary depending on the socio-economic and demographic characteristics of a region (Ferronato et al 2022). The conventional techniques used for MSW management include collection, transportation, treatment and disposal.…”

Section: Conventional Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Solid Waste Management (SWM) and Artificial Intelligence approach

Radwan

Khan²

2023

Preprint

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One of the pressing issues any country faces is managing solid wastes. Traditionally, several methods have been used in the past to manage the increasing quantity of solid waste. However, due to the increase in population, urbanization, and various other reasons, there has been steady growth in solid waste. The general public's cooperation is vital in understanding the extent of solid wastes, their generation, collection, transportation, and disposal of wastes safely. Urban local bodies also play a significant role in managing waste as they are the ones who can formulate a plan as per the data available to them. Infrastructure for managing solid wastes is another prime factor in easy transportation and disposal. There are different conventional methods starting from landfills, incineration, etc., to advanced methodologies. The use of incineration as the primary method of waste disposal is now a major source of health hazards. The present study reviews the important practical methods for solid waste management. The review is categorized into two sections: Conventional methodologies include incineration, thermal to waste energy techniques, bioeconomy, anaerobic digestion and waste valorization and the second section includes advanced methods such as green architecture, web-based geographic interface system, Internet of Things (IoT), optimization techniques, artificial intelligence and blockchain based solid waste management system. The present study also provides an overview of the advanced technologies as a support system for the sustainable management in solid waste. It also discusses the knowledge and awareness to be catered to all sections of people about sustainable solid waste management.

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“…However, to dismiss it as an opportunity would be short sighted. Waste to resource is likely to become an increasingly important part of the market in the future, as alternative fuels (Ferronato et al, 2022) or alternatives to depleting phosphorus supplies (Daneshgar et al, 2018).…”

Section: Resourcing Sanitation At a Citywide Scale Financing Going...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transforming citywide sanitation provision: Utility voices on pit emptying and transport services in Kenya and Zambia

Grisaffi¹,

Oluoch²,

Hamuchenje³

et al. 2022

Front. Water

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This paper documents the key challenges faced by utilities in sub-Saharan Africa attempting to establish citywide safe manual and semi-mechanized latrine pit emptying, transport and disposal services. The research aims to take a snapshot of utilities at a pivotal point in service development, where initial services have been piloted and the utilities are looking to go to scale. We use the CWIS framework to guide analysis of perspectives of the implementing agencies in Livingstone, Zambia, and Malindi, Kenya, using a secondary data review and 34 key informant interviews. This paper confirms previous findings around the high cost of safe sanitation services in low-income areas, the barriers of emptiability, the engagement of manual pit emptiers and the requirement for investment in supporting systems. Areas for future research were identified, including approaches for service delivery to reduce the decision load on the household, structures of engagement and regulation of pit emptiers, and finally how regulation could support incremental improvements toward full coverage, including the lowest income households. The research documents, for the first time in the region, the challenges of dealing with disgust in establishing these new services and the conflicting role of public utilities as both commercial and social organizations. The current model for private sector delivery of the service is politically viable and reduces the risk and cost burden on the utilities. However, it is likely to leave the utilities unable to scale sanitation to low-income areas.

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Are waste-based briquettes alternative fuels in developing countries? A critical review

Cited by 38 publications

References 89 publications

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A Systematic Review of Solid Waste Management (SWM) and Artificial Intelligence approach

Transforming citywide sanitation provision: Utility voices on pit emptying and transport services in Kenya and Zambia

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