Are Nutrient Stresses Associated with Enantioselectivity of the Chiral Herbicide Imazethapyr in Arabidopsis thaliana?

Abstract

Plant growth can be inhibited by herbicides and is strongly limited by the availability of nutrients, which can influence human health through the food chain. Until now, however, cross talk between the enantioselectivity of herbicides and nutrient stresses has been poorly understood. We analyzed trace element and macroelement contents in shoots of Arabidopsis thaliana treated by the chiral herbicide imazethapyr (IM) and observed that multiple-nutrient stress (trace elements Mn, Cu, and Fe and macroelements P, K, Ca, and Mg) was enantioselective. The (R)-IM treatments resulted in Mn 23.37%, Cu 63.53%, P 30.61%, K 63.70%, Ca 34.32%, and Mg 36.14% decreases compared with the control. Interestingly, it was also found that herbicidally active (R)-IM induced notable aggregation of nutrient elements in leaves and roots compared with the control and (S)-IM. Through gene expression analyses, it was found that herbicidally active (R)-IM induced the up- or down-regulation of genes involved in the transport of nutrient elements. We propose that (R)-IM affected the uptake and translocation of nutrient elements in A. thaliana, which destroyed the balance of nutrient elements in the plant. This finding reminds us to reconsider the effect of nutrient stresses in risk assessment of herbicides.

Stomatal behaviors reflect enantioselective phytotoxicity of chiral herbicide dichlorprop in Arabidopsis thaliana

“…The measurement of ROS was performed according to previous study with slight modifications (Chen et al, 2015). Briefly, after 3 weeks cultivation, the freshly prepared leaves of A. thaliana were washed three times with distilled water and then immersed in 50 μmol·L −1 H 2 DCFDA for 60 min in the dark.…”

Using Plant Growth-promoting Fungi (PGPF), as a Biofertilizer and Biocontrol Agents against Tetranychus cucurbitacearum on Nubian Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.)

“…The application of inoculation with plant growth promoting fungi T. viride and T. harzianum may be lead to significant changes in microbial populations and activities influencing microbial ecological balance affecting soil fertility. Also, the gradual increase in fungi counts may be attributed to their ability to temporarily mineralize and use soil organic carbon as energy source and this greater count of fungi in the rhizosphere at 30 and 60 days from sowing leading to greater release of plant nutrients in soil for enhancement the growth and yield of crops [53,54,55].…”

Effects of tetracycline on the secondary metabolites and nutritional value of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)

“…Dietary ber can decrease the risk of a human developing several chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease and some cancers (Dahl &Stewart 2015). Sugar molecules act as nutrients and also regulate metabolism, growth, stress responses, and development (from embryogenesis to senescence) (Rolland &Sheen 2005).Sugars can participate in the defense responses of a plant stressed by adverse environmental conditions such as drought, cold, and high salinity (Gupta &Kaur 2005).Soluble sugars are alsoimportant to both the nutritional quality (Lin et al 2013) and the taste (Chen et al 2016) of a crop.Plant growth is also controlled by the amounts of nutrients, particularly essential trace elements.The contents of trace elements are low, but they are vital (Jordi et al 2012).A de ciency or surplus of a trace element can cause an imbalance between nutrients and may lead to toxic effects (Chen et al 2015).Some trace elements can alsointerfere with metabolism (Bao et al 2021). It has previously been found that herbicides can induce up-or down-regulation of genes involved in nutrient transport (Chen et al 2015).Also, Previous studies have shown that the Ca, Mg, K, and N contents in bean plants were decreased on exposure to antibiotics (Batchelder 1982).…”