Are HOV/eco-lanes a sustainable option to reducing emissions in a medium-sized European city?

Fontes, Tânia; Fernandes, Paulo; Rodrigues, Hugo; Pereira, S.; Khattak, Asad J.; Coelho, Margarida C.

doi:10.1016/j.tra.2014.03.002

Cited by 30 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Traffic flows and travel time were validated using Geoffrey E. Havers (GEH) statistic (Dowling et al, 2004) while Mean Absolute Percent Error (MAPE) was used to measure the differences between the observed and the estimated accelerations. To examine the consistency between the estimated and observed VSP mode distributions, the two-sample Kolmogorov-Sminorv test (K-S test) for a 99% confidence level was employed, as explained elsewhere (Fernandes et al, 2015a; Fontes et al, 2014). Approximately 70% of the data collected were used for calibration, and the remaining data for validation.…”

Section: (2015a)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the impact of closely-spaced intersections on traffic operations and pollutant emissions on a corridor level

Fernandes

Coelho

Rouphail

2017

Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment

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Traffic lights or roundabouts along corridors are usually installed to address location-specific operational needs. An understanding of the impacts on traffic regarding to highly-congested closely-spaced intersections has not been fully addressed. Accordingly, consideration should be given to how these specific segments affect corridor performance as a whole. One mixed roundabout/traffic light/stop-controlled junctions corridor was evaluated with the microscopic traffic model (VISSIM) and emissions methodology (Vehicle Specific Power -VSP). The analysis was focused on two major intersections of the corridor, a roundabout and a traffic light spaced lower than 170 meters apart under different traffic demand levels. The traffic data and corridor geometry were coded into VISSIM and compared with an alternative scenario where the traffic light was replaced by a single-lane roundabout. This research also tested a method to improve corridor performance and emissions by examining the integrated effect of the spacing between these intersections on traffic delay and vehicular emissions (carbon dioxide, monoxide carbon, nitrogen oxides, and hydrocarbons). The Fast NonDominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II) was used to find the optimal spacing for these intersections. The analysis showed that the roundabout could achieve lower queue length (~64%) and emissions (16-27%, depending on the pollutant) than the traffic light. The results also suggested that 200 meters of spacing using the best traffic control would provide a moderate advantage in traffic operations and emissions as compared with the existing spacing.Keywords: Intersections, Multi-objective optimization, Micro-scale modeling, Spacing. ABRREVIATION INDEX

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Section: (2015a)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the impact of closely-spaced intersections on traffic operations and pollutant emissions on a corridor level

Fernandes

Coelho

Rouphail

2017

Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment

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“…Kwon and Varaiya (2008) found that HOV lanes do not seem to incentivize carpooling, although they may be useful if there are a high number of buses and vanpools circulating in these lanes. In turn, simulations made for a medium European urban city by Fontes et al (2014) showed that the conversion of a general-purpose lane into an HOV lane could reduce the average travel time and CO 2 emissions. An increase in the Average Occupancy of Vehicles from 1.5 to 1.7 persons per vehicle could reduce total emissions in 36% to 39% in urban corridors and arterial roads.…”

Section: Incentive To Use Of Shared Private Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is still no consensus in the literature about the effects of policies to incentive carpooling, which could have positive (for example, Fontes et al, 2014) or even negative impacts (for example, Shewmake, 2012). Supposing there are effective measures able to rise the average occupancy per private vehicle in São Paulo to two passengers per vehicle (against 1.4 in 2011), the effect on GHG emissions would be moderate (− 4% over total or − 8% over GHG emissions from passenger modes).…”

Section: Conclusion and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of low-carbon development strategies: Evaluation of policy scenarios for the urban transport sector in a Brazilian megacity

Menezes¹,

Maia

Carvalho

2017

Technological Forecasting and Social Change

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This paper evaluates low-carbon urban development strategies for the transport sector in São Paulo, one of the largest cities in the world. For each mobility policy selected, we build scenarios to evaluate the potential of mitigating GHG emissions, shedding light on institutional aspects, benefits and risks of implementing each measure. Selected policies analyzed in this paper focus on: (i) reduction of frequency and distance of motorized trips; (ii) improvement of public transport; and (ii) technological issues, from improvement of fuel efficiency of all transport modes to replacement of fossil fuels by biofuels. Results show that the measures that present the highest potential to reduce GHG emissions are those that promote the use of biofuels, particularly ethanol, followed by those that favor the use of public transport. Moreover, simulations of integrated policies evidence that their effectiveness depends upon the adoption of coordinated policies at Federal, State and Local levels. Lastly, we highlight the complementary nature of the proposed policies and the contribution of scenario building to the debate on the strategic planning of integrated urban public policies to promote sustainable development in São Paulo City.

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“…Moreover, microscopic emission models and traffic simulation tools are generally applied for traffic emission assessment [14], since it is o en not feasible to evaluate the environmental effects of traffic management measures based on the trial-and-error field experiments. However, the majority of studies using the microscopic traffic simulation with instantaneous emission models in the assessment, did not calibrate and examine the emission models based on the real world emission data that consider vehicle dynamics and di erent vehicle standards in di erent regions [21]. is study stands in the wake of the literature to contribute to the state-of-art studies by investigating the in uences of the typical one-way tra c management on di erent vehicle exhaust emissions (CO, HC, NO x ) in the urban tra c networks using an integrated method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Effects of One-Way Traffic Management on Different Vehicle Exhaust Emissions Using an Integrated Approach

Fan

Gao

Xing

et al. 2019

Journal of Advanced Transportation

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One-way traffic management is a recognized traffic organization to improve traffic efficiency and safety, but its effects on different traffic emissions remains unclear. This paper aims to investigate the impacts of one-way traffic management on three typical vehicle exhaust emissions including Carbonic Oxide (CO), Hydrocarbon Compounds (HC), and Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) in a traffic system using an integrated approach. Field experiment was conducted to collect the vehicular emission data under different traffic conditions using the onboard portable emission measurement system. An instantaneous emission model (i.e., Vehicle Specific Power) is calibrated using the collected field emission data and is incorporated into the microscopic traffic simulation tool VISSIM for quantifying the emissions before and after one-way traffic management through simulation. Two scenarios based on real networks and traffic demands of peak hours in part areas of Shanghai are developed for simulation and evaluation. The results show that in the intersections, the emission rates of COHC, NOx after one-way traffic management is significantly reduced by 20.46%, 21.29% and 21.06%, respectively. In the road sections, the emission rates of CO, HC, NOx in the road sections decrease by 23.38% and 26.29%. The overall CO, HC, NOx emissions in the studied network reduce by 21.34%, 22.29% and 23.77% separately due to one-way traffic management. The results provide insights into the derivative effects of one-way traffic management on traffic emissions in the intersections, road sections and network levels, and thus support scientific traffic management for promoting the sustainability of transport system.

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Are HOV/eco-lanes a sustainable option to reducing emissions in a medium-sized European city?

Cited by 30 publications

References 34 publications

Assessing the impact of closely-spaced intersections on traffic operations and pollutant emissions on a corridor level

Assessing the impact of closely-spaced intersections on traffic operations and pollutant emissions on a corridor level

Effectiveness of low-carbon development strategies: Evaluation of policy scenarios for the urban transport sector in a Brazilian megacity

Evaluating the Effects of One-Way Traffic Management on Different Vehicle Exhaust Emissions Using an Integrated Approach

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