Aqueous extract of some indigenous medicinal plants inhibits glycation at multiple stages and protects erythrocytes from oxidative damage–an in vitro study

Abstract

Azadirachta indica, Emblica officinalis , Syzygium cumini and Terminalia bellirica are common in Indian system of traditional medicine for the prevention of diabetes and its complications. The aim of the present study was to comprehensively and comparatively investigate the antiglycation potential of these plant extracts at multiple stages and their possible protective effect against glycated albumin mediated toxicity to erythrocytes. Antiglycation activities of these plant extracts was measured by co-incubation of plant extract with bovine serum albumin-fructose glycation model. The multistage glycation markers-fructosamines (early stage), protein carbonyls (intermediate stage) and AGEs (late stage) are investigated along with measurement of thiols and β aggregation of albumin using amyloid-specific dyes-Congo red and Th T. Protection of erythrocytes from glycated albumin induced toxicity by these plant extracts was assessed by measuring erythrocytes hemolysis, lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione and intracellular antioxidant capacity. Total phenolics, reducing power and antioxidant activities of the plant extracts were also measured. In vitro glycation assays showed that plant extracts exerted site specific inhibitory effects at multiple stages, with T. bellirica showing maximum attenuation. In erythrocytes, along with the retardation of glycated albumin induced hemolysis and lipid-peroxidation, T. bellirica considerably maintained cellular antioxidant potential. Significant positive correlations were observed between erythrocyte protection parameters with total phenolics. These plant extracts especially T. bellirica prevents glycation induced albumin modifications and subsequent toxicity to erythrocytes which might offer additional protection against diabetic vascular complications.

Therapeutic effect of Linum usitatissimum L. in STZ-nicotinamide induced diabetic nephropathy via inhibition of AGE’s and oxidative stress

“…In addition, two key mechanisms implicated in the development of diabetic nephropathy include advanced glycation and oxidative stress. Glycation of proteins leads to partial loss of protein activity and is one serious consequences of chronic hyperglycemia (Yamagishi and Matsui 2010;Tupe et al 2015). Advanced glycation is the irreversible attachment of reducing sugars to amino groups of proteins to form advanced glycation end products (AGEs).…”

Syzygium jambolanum and Cephalandra indica homeopathic preparations inhibit albumin glycation and protect erythrocytes: an in vitro study

“…We have previously demonstrated that presence of high phenolic content in plant extracts gives significant protection against glycation modifications and cellular damage. 45,47 The probable antiglycation properties of the samples can be associated with their antioxidant potential.…”

“…49 Earlier work done from our laboratory indicated that Terminalia bellirica and Emblica officinalis extracts showed protection against oxidative toxicity in erythrocytes. 47 To summarize, treatment of glycated albumin with homeopathic preparations of S. jambolanum and C. indica, including 'ultra molecular' dilutions, inhibited glycation of albumin and protected antioxidant power of erythrocytes. Such activities might be contributed by flavonoids, phenolics and glycosides present as active ingredients of these plants by attenuating glycation reaction.…”

In vitro antiglycation and hypoglycaemic effects of Syzygium cumini leaf extracts

“…Some evidences are reported on the antiglycation effects of SC bark and seed (Perera et al, 2013;Tupe et al, 2015). Furthermore, the antioxidant potential and the presence of high level of phenolic compounds in SC bark and seed were also reported indicating the likelihood of antiglycation effects in the extracts.…”

“…Journal of the National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka 46 (3) of phenolic compounds and highest antioxidant and antiglycation effects were detected in the SC decoction . Water extracts of SC seed and Terminalia bellirica fruit showed a high level of inhibition on the aggregation of glycated albumin, when the effect of plant extracts were investigated using two amyloid markers (Tupe et al, 2015). SC seed methanol extract showed a high antiglycation effect, free radical scavenging activity and high content of polyphenolics and flavonoids (Atale & Rani, 2016).…”