Applying a Graphical Method in Evaluation of Empirical Methods for Estimating Time of Concentration in an Arid Region

Zahraei, Ali; Baghbani, Ramin; Linhoss, Anna

doi:10.3390/w13192624

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In addition, several researchers indicated that the best performing empirical equations were modified by adjusting their formulas to minimize bias and improve accuracy, which were considered minor sources of error in relation to other uncertainties inherent in time parameter estimation. [1,11,13,23,87]. Zahraei et al [87] also suggested that when empirical equations were applied for other areas, their accuracy needs to be evaluated, and, if necessary, their equations should be modified.…”

Section: Identification Of Practical Approaches For Estimating the Ti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1,11,13,23,87]. Zahraei et al [87] also suggested that when empirical equations were applied for other areas, their accuracy needs to be evaluated, and, if necessary, their equations should be modified. As illustrated in Figures 5 and 6, the relationship between the observed and estimated T C using three different modeling equations was suitable for determining reliable model performance, reflecting each other's different catchment variables [4,7,19,20].…”

Section: Identification Of Practical Approaches For Estimating the Ti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics and Estimation of the Time of Concentration for Small Forested Catchments in Steep Mountainous Terrain

Nam,

Lim,

Choi

et al. 2024

Forests

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Accurate modeling of flood flow hydrographs for small forested catchments in steep mountainous terrain is challenging because of large errors in the estimation of response time using existing empirical equations. The time of concentration (TC) for a catchment is a widely used time parameter for estimating peak discharges in hydrological designs. In this study, we developed an estimated TC using readily available mountain catchment variables, a small catchment, steep slope, and narrow valley, using empirical equations. For our approach, we used directly measured data from 39 forested catchments (area: 0.02–9.69 km2) during 3648 observed rainfall events over a 10-year observation period. Based on the uncertainties inherent in the empirical equation, the estimated TC values were compared and analyzed through multiple regression and two different modified empirical modelling equations using our observed catchment parameters. The mean TC was significantly correlated with catchment size and stream length but negatively correlated with stream slope (p < 0.01). As a result, the mean TC estimated using the three modelling equations with catchment variables was qualitatively similar and had relative differences ranging from −12.5 to 15.5 min (−49 to 56%). Therefore, the models (particularly modeling equations with multiple regression, a modified empirical formula, and modified SCS Lag) can efficiently determine the TC and can be used in any small forested catchment in steep mountainous terrain.

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Section: Identification Of Practical Approaches For Estimating the Ti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Identification Of Practical Approaches For Estimating the Ti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and Estimation of the Time of Concentration for Small Forested Catchments in Steep Mountainous Terrain

Nam,

Lim,

Choi

et al. 2024

Forests

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“…In addition to the physical aspects of the basin, the knowledge of its concentration time plays a decisive role in estimating the maximum flows since it defines the time the water takes to travel the entire length of the basin until contributing to the flow in its outlet (Collischonn and Dornelles, 2013). Thus, to estimate the time of concentration, the methods of Giandotti, Johnstone-Cross, Temez, and the Corps of Engineers, developed for basins with similar physical characteristics to the Atibaia Basin, were used as described by Zahraei et al (2021).…”

Section: Physiographic Characterization Of the Atibaia River Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiographic analysis of the Atibaia River Basin and flood susceptibility mapping in the municipality of Campinas-SP, Brazil

Garcia¹,

Dourado²,

Ávila³

2022

Rev. ambiente água

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This study characterized and analyzed the physiographic factors of the Atibaia River Basin and their influence on flooding processes and evaluated the susceptibility to flooding in the municipality of Campinas during the years 1985 and 2019. At first, geoprocessing techniques and indices defined in the literature were used to provide a comprehensive understanding of the Atibaia River Basin regarding its geometric, relief, and drainage attributes and its influence on flooding processes, to provide decision-making support regarding preventive and mitigating actions for the socioeconomic and environmental impacts in the region. The pedogeomorphological characteristics and land use and occupation of Campinas were applied to the Analytic Hierarchy Process using geoprocessing techniques to generate the specific mapping of the municipality’s susceptibility to flooding. The mapping allowed us to identify the critical sites of the municipality of Campinas, choosing priority areas for government action and programs regarding urban and environmental management. It can also guide new studies on the detail scale aiming to prevent and mitigate flooding events. Keywords: hydrographic basin, spatial multi-criteria analysis, water risk.

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A Novel Method for Estimating Time of Concentration in Ungauged Catchments

Fathi,

Zolghadr

2024

Water Resour Manage

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Time of Concentration (TC) is one of the most frequently used time parameters in many hydrological studies. A good estimation of TC value results in a more precise design of expensive hydraulic structures, as well as a better estimation of ood discharge. There are the three available approaches to determine TC: physical, empirical, and graphical methods. Among these, graphical method is a widely accepted and popular among researchers for estimating TC. It is also considered as benchmark in TC studies. However, this method faces problems due to the lack of recorded data in many catchments. In this study, two-dimensional (2D) hydraulic simulation is studied and suggested as a novel technique for calculation of TC. The required input for 2D simulation can be obtained by using free satellite data. Some empirical formulas were also considered for calculating TC as well. The graphical method was used as a benchmark to evaluate the outputs of hydraulic simulation, and empirical formulas. To do this, four different watersheds were considered, with 28 rainfall-runoff events. In hydraulic simulation, TC was calculated as the time taken by a water parcel to travel from the upstream (headwater) to the downstream (outlet) of a watershed. The TC values obtained from the hydraulic simulation, and empirical formulas were compared with graphical method. It was observed that the maximum difference between the graphical method and the 2D simulation was less than 10% in all watersheds. Therefore, hydraulic simulation is a reliable method for calculating TC, especially in ungauged catchments where graphical method is not applicable.

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Applying a Graphical Method in Evaluation of Empirical Methods for Estimating Time of Concentration in an Arid Region

Cited by 3 publications

References 43 publications

Characteristics and Estimation of the Time of Concentration for Small Forested Catchments in Steep Mountainous Terrain

Characteristics and Estimation of the Time of Concentration for Small Forested Catchments in Steep Mountainous Terrain

Physiographic analysis of the Atibaia River Basin and flood susceptibility mapping in the municipality of Campinas-SP, Brazil

A Novel Method for Estimating Time of Concentration in Ungauged Catchments

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