Applied Hydrometeorology

Rakhecha, P. R.; Singh, Vijay P.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-9844-4

Cited by 67 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…In the determination of the catchment contributing area, we can conclude from the results in Table 2 that a meteorological perspective is more appropriate than topographic criteria, because few realistic areal PMP values were obtained with the latter when compared with precipitation of return periods of 1000 and 10 000 years, and with precipitation over equal areas as recorded in India, the USA, China and Australia (Rakhecha and Singh 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, the most severe storms registered in India, China, the USA and Australia, for an area equal to the total Puclaro basin, are 1132, 590, 490 and 528 mm, respectively (Rakhecha and Singh 2009). Comparing the results presented in Table 2 and the several storms listed above, given the predominant semi-arid climatology of the study area, the method chosen for the determination of the catchment contributing area is the hydro-meteorological approach, not the topographic method.…”

Section: Pmp Estimations In Blmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In a similar way, the spatial PMP estimations are compared with the maximum registered precipitation in a given similar area for India, China, the USA and Australia (Rakhecha and Singh 2009). In these countries, severe storms mainly originate from tropical cyclones and typhoons; so, they allow us to set these greatest area rainfalls as an upper limit of the estimations determined for the study region that, originated by frontal systems in a semi-arid climate, should be much lower than the maximum precipitation events registered in those countries.…”

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confidence: 99%

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PMP and PMF estimations in sparsely-gauged Andean basins and climate change projections

Lagos-Zúñiga

Vargas

2014

Hydrological Sciences Journal

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Mixed-regime Andean basins present a complex scenario for flood analysis. In this study, we propose a methodology for incorporating orographic effects influenced by mountainous barriers in the Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) estimation method in sparsely-gauged basins. The proposed methodology is applied to the Puclaro Reservoir basin in Chile, which is affected by the Andes. The PMP estimations were calculated by applying statistical and hydrometeorological approaches to the baseline and climate change scenarios determined from projections of the ECHAM5 general circulation model. Temperature projections for the 2040-2065 period show that there would be a rise in the catchment contributing area that would lead to an increase in the average liquid precipitation over the basin. Temperature projections would also affect the maximization factors in the calculation of the PMP, as precipitable water content, raising it to 126.6% and 62.5% under scenarios A2 and B1, respectively; the probable maximum flood (PMF) would increase to +175.5% under the A2 scenario. These projections would affect the safety of dam design and would be generalizable to zones with similar mixed hydrology and climate change projections. We propose that the methodology presented could be also applied to basins with similar characteristics.Key words PMP; PMF; orographic effect; climate change; floods Estimations des PMP et PMF dans des bassins andins peu jaugés et projections du changement climatiqueRésumé L'analyse des crues des bassins andins de régime mixte est un sujet complexe. Dans cette étude, nous proposons une méthodologie d'intégration des effets des barrières montagneuses dans la méthode d'estimation des précipitations maximales probables (PMP) dans des bassins peu jaugés. La méthodologie proposée a été appliquée au bassin du réservoir Puclaro au Chili, qui est influencé par les Andes. Les estimations des PMP ont été calculées en appliquant des approches statistiques et hydrométéorologiques aux observations instrumentales et aux scénarios de changement climatique (2045-2065) déterminés à partir de projections du modèle de circulation générale ECHAM5. Les températures prévues pour la période 2040-2065 montrent qu'il y aurait une augmentation de la zone d'alimentation qui conduirait à une augmentation des précipitations liquides moyennes sur le bassin. Les projections de températures affecteraient également les facteurs de maximisation dans le calcul de la PMP, comme la teneur en eau précipitable, l'augmentant respectivement de 126,6% et 62,5% selon les scénarios A2 et B1; la crue maximale probable (PMF) augmentant de 175,5% selon le scénario A2. Ces projections affecteraient la sécurité du barrage et seraient généralisables à des zones pour lesquelles le régime hydrologique mixte et les projections de changement climatique sont similaires. Nous proposons que la méthodologie présentée puisse également être appliquée à des bassins de caractéristiques similaires.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Pmp Estimations In Blmentioning

confidence: 96%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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PMP and PMF estimations in sparsely-gauged Andean basins and climate change projections

Lagos-Zúñiga

Vargas

2014

Hydrological Sciences Journal

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“…Barrier adjustment is required when there is a barrier or mountain range in the path of moisture being fed into the storm area. The details involving these two adjustments for the orographic effect can be found in the literatures of WMO (2009), Singh (2009), andLagos-Zúñiga andVargas M. (2014). The traditional PMP estimation using STM is as follows:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Probable Maximum Precipitation by Considering Combined Effect of Typhoon and Southwesterly Air Flow

Liu¹,

Yang²,

Kuo³

et al. 2016

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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Typhoon Morakot hit southern Taiwan in 2009, bringing 48-hr of heavy rainfall [close to the Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP)] to the Tsengwen Reservoir catchment. This extreme rainfall event resulted from the combined (co-movement) effect of two climate systems (i.e., typhoon and southwesterly air flow). Based on the traditional PMP estimation method (i.e., the storm transposition method, STM), two PMP estimation approaches, i.e., Amplification Index (AI) and Independent System (IS) approaches, which consider the combined effect are proposed in this work. The AI approach assumes that the southwesterly air flow precipitation in a typhoon event could reach its maximum value. The IS approach assumes that the typhoon and southwesterly air flow are independent weather systems. Based on these assumptions, calculation procedures for the two approaches were constructed for a case study on the Tsengwen Reservoir catchment. The results show that the PMP estimates for 6-to 60-hr durations using the two approaches are approximately 30% larger than the PMP estimates using the traditional STM without considering the combined effect. This work is a pioneer PMP estimation method that considers the combined effect of a typhoon and southwesterly air flow. Further studies on this issue are essential and encouraged.

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“…As the conventional method is at times faces constraints with resources and timeframe, etc., hydrologic rainfall-runoff modelling is increasingly used for computing runoff and thereby put into many usages viz., flood simulation, catchment level water management, water balance computation, etc. (Rakhecha and Singh, 2009) After the derivation of peak flood discharges and flow hydrographs, the next step is hydraulic analysis to simulate the river flow and propagation of flood waters in the floodplain or urban catchment. Flood hydraulic modelling is carried out through a 1-D or 2-D flood routing algorithm, based on various modified forms and solutions of the St. Venant's hydrodynamic equations for the accurate spatial distribution of the flow and velocity dynamics.…”

Section: Hydrological Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operational Remote Sensing Services in North Eastern Region of India for Natural Resources Management, Early Warning for Disaster Risk Reduction and Dissemination of Information and Services

Raju¹,

Sarma²,

Barman³

et al. 2016

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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North Eastern Region (NER) of India comprising of eight states considered to be most unique and one of the most challenging regions to govern due to its unique physiographic condition, rich biodiversity, disaster prone and diverse socio-economic characteristics. Operational Remote Sensing services increased manifolds in the region with the establishment of North Eastern Space Applications Centre (NESAC) in the year 2000. Since inception, NESAC has been providing remote sensing services in generating inventory, planning and developmental activities, and management of natural resources, disasters and dissemination of information and services through geo-web services for NER. The operational remote sensing services provided by NESAC can be broadly divided into three categories viz. natural resource planning and developmental services, disaster risk reduction and early warning services and information dissemination through geo-portal services.As a apart of natural resources planning and developmental services NESAC supports the state forest departments in preparing the forest working plans by providing geospatial inputs covering entire NER, identifying the suitable culturable wastelands for cultivation of silkworm food plants, mapping of natural resources such as land use/land cover, wastelands, land degradation etc. on temporal basis.In the area of disaster risk reduction, NESAC has initiated operational services for early warning and post disaster assessment inputs for flood early warning system (FLEWS) using satellite remote sensing, numerical weather prediction, hydrological modeling etc.; forest fire alert system with actionable attribute information; Japanese Encephalitis Early Warning System (JEWS) based on mosquito vector abundance, pig population and historical disease intensity and agriculture drought monitoring for the region.The large volumes of geo-spatial databases generated as part of operational services are made available to the administrators and local government bodies for better management, preparing prospective planning, and sustainable use of available resources. The knowledge dissemination is being done through online web portals wherever the internet access is available and as well as offline space based information kiosks, where the internet access is not available or having limited bandwidth availability. This paper presents a systematic and comprehensive study on the remote sensing services operational in NER of India for natural resources management, disaster risk reduction and dissemination of information and services, in addition to outlining future areas and direction of space applications for the region.

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Applied Hydrometeorology

Cited by 67 publications

References 0 publications

PMP and PMF estimations in sparsely-gauged Andean basins and climate change projections

PMP and PMF estimations in sparsely-gauged Andean basins and climate change projections

Estimating Probable Maximum Precipitation by Considering Combined Effect of Typhoon and Southwesterly Air Flow

Operational Remote Sensing Services in North Eastern Region of India for Natural Resources Management, Early Warning for Disaster Risk Reduction and Dissemination of Information and Services

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