In recent years, several vector-borne, parasitic or Provided that landscape elements critical to the parasite, zoonotic diseases have (re)-emerged and spread in Europe and vector or host survival are known and can be detected by elsewhere with major health, ecological, socio-economical and remote sensing, satellite imagery, through a wide range of political consequences. One of these diseases is leishmaniasis. In spectral, spatial and temporal resolutions, and geographical southwestern France, it is transmitted by two sandfly vectors information systems (GIS) provide efficient tools for locating (Phlebotomus ariasi and Phlebotomus perniciosus). The objective environments capable of maintaining vector populations [1, 2, of this research was to assess the effects of land cover and land cover change and fragmentation on the spatial distribution of 3, 4, 5]. Spatial aspects, particularly landscape and land-use Phlebotomus ariasi in southwestern France. Using GIS and patterns, play an important role in the transmission of vectorremote sensing techniques we analysed the relationships between borne and zoonotic diseases since they control both the spatial vectors and landscape-level environmental variables based on distribution of vectors or hosts and the likelihood of contact time series of fine resolution satellite data over the last two between infectious vector and susceptible host [6, 7]. decades. Environmental variables were extracted from Landsat If the distribution of a disease can be mapped (often by TM images and included both landscape composition and mapping the distribution of its vector or intermediate host) configuration. Changes in landscape composition and . rr * a *n*r*eti* configuration were analysed and a logistic regression was used to ctroleffrs in e ndemic situations a nd interventio test the association between sandfly presence/absence and these strategies in epidemic situations may be more efficiently variables. The study suggested that, although relevant changes directed [3]. The combination of different methods and tools, in landscape composition and structure were not found between especially high resolution remote sensing, GIS, and1984 and 2003, there is a significant association with some multivariate statistical analysis is promising for an integrated environmental variables describing sandfly habitat.approach of spatial issues in epidemiology.