Applications of monolithic columns in liquid chromatography‐based clinical chemistry assays

Abstract

Monolithic columns have slowly been applied to HPLC methods for clinical chemistry testing in the last 10 years. The application areas include therapeutic drug monitoring, drugs of abuse, vitamins, porphyrins, and steroids. In comparison with conventional particulate columns, the monolithic columns may offer shorter chromatography time, more robustness, and better resolution for certain analytes. The potential drawback of large mobile phase consumption may be improved with smaller id columns, which are currently on the market. Methods covered in this review are those searchable in PubMed up to December 2010. This review highlights the emergence of monolithic column technology in HPLC methods used for clinical chemistry testing. The goals of this review are threefold: (i) To identify the areas of clinical chemistry that analytical monolithic columns have been used in HPLC methods. (ii) To demonstrate the application of analytical monolithic columns in HPLC methods using different detection systems. (iii) To discuss the advantages and limitations of the monolithic columns compared with particulate columns in the clinical chemistry applications.

Enrichment of steroid hormones in water with porous and hydrophobic polymer‐based SPE followed by HPLC–UV determination

“…The polymer has the potential to be used as SPE packing for the simultaneous enrichment of steroid hormones and other hydrophobic compounds at a trace level. A monolithic HPLC column may take shorter chromatography time, but provide more robustness and a better resolution for certain analytes in comparison with conventional particulate columns . These observations emphasize the need for further studies focusing on the application of custom‐made SPE in a monolithic column.…”

The Second Five Years of Sequential Injection Chromatography: Significant Developments in the Technology and Methodologies

“…This feature enables the use of MCs in low-pressure flow systems, such as in SIC systems. Other advantages are fast mass transfer and fast separations without sacrificing separation efficiency (Bunch and Wang, 2011;Gomez and Callao, 2007;Guiochon, 2007;Jiang et al, 2011;Mistry and Grinberg, 2005;Rieux et al, 2005;Unger et al, 2008). The developments in retentive phases, formats, and dimensions of MCs have resulting in the adoption of such chromatographic modes as reversed-phase chromatography, ion-exchange chromatography, hydrophilic interaction chromatography, size-exclusion chromatography, molecular imprints, and affinity chromatography.…”

“…The developments in retentive phases, formats, and dimensions of MCs have resulting in the adoption of such chromatographic modes as reversed-phase chromatography, ion-exchange chromatography, hydrophilic interaction chromatography, size-exclusion chromatography, molecular imprints, and affinity chromatography. Therefore, the applications of MCs have been extended to various analytical fields including pharmaceutical, food, environmental, and clinical (Bunch and Wang, 2011;Fernández et al, 2012;Gomez and Callao, 2007;Guiochon, 2007;Jiang et al, 2011;Mistry and Grinberg, 2005;Rieux et al, 2005;Unger et al, 2008). A review article on the use of MCs in SIC has been recently published (Fernández et al, 2012).…”

Silica-Based Monolithic Columns as a Tool in HPLC—An Overview of Application in Analysis of Active Compounds in Biological Samples

“…Many published studies showed the applicability potential of silica-based monolithic columns in investigations of various samples, including plants [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ], food [ 21 , 22 , 23 ], dietary supplements [ 24 ], and drugs [ 25 , 26 , 27 ]. So far, numerous review papers described the analytical use of monolithic columns [ 1 , 4 , 5 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ]. Namera et al showed applications of different types of commercially available silica-based monolithic columns in the analysis of active compounds in biological materials.…”