The Second Five Years of Sequential Injection Chromatography: Significant Developments in the Technology and Methodologies

Abstract

Sequential injection chromatography was proposed in 2003 to perform a simple, rapid, reagent-saving, environmentally benign, on-site, and instrumentally inexpensive separation procedure. Sequential injection chromatography is a version of sequential injection analysis, which is the second generation in the family of flow injection techniques. Despite its advantages over high-performance liquid chromatography, sequential injection chromatography has confronted some challenges. Furthermore, the applications of sequential injection chromatography in its first five years are almost all limited to pharmaceutical analysis. Interestingly, in its second five years, various developments in sequential injection chromatography technology were achieved. The developments have enhanced the efficiency of sequential injection chromatography and hence its applications have extended to biological, food, and environmental analyses. The main objectives of this review are to examine recent developments (2008-2013) in sequential injection chromatography and to describe how these developments improve the efficiency of the technology. The sequential injection chromatography methodologies reported during that period are also discussed along with controlling conditions and analytical results. The review also describes the principles, instrumentation, and procedure behind sequential injection chromatography.

Sequential Injection Chromatography with an Ultra-short Monolithic Column for the Low-Pressure Separation of α-Tocopherol and γ-Oryzanol in Vegetable Oils and Nutrition Supplements

“…15 Relatively new combinations of the SI system with monolithic separation columns, known as sequential injection chromatography (SIC), has been demonstrated for its ability to effectively separate and simultaneously quantitate multi-analytes at low pressure. [16][17][18] The use of an ultra-short monolithic separation column (as short as 5 -10 mm) for very good resolution separation has also been reported. [19][20][21][22] The short monolithic column helps to reduce back pressure, and enables effective low-pressure separation with a more economic syringe pump instead of a costly high pressure pump.…”

Flow Analysis: A Novel Approach For Classification

“…SIA compared to CFA and FIA allows to reduce the reagent consumption and waste generation significantly. In this respect, the most progressive The sequential injection chromatography [49][50][51][52] should be also included to the DCFM.…”

Synthesis and Characterization of Amide Stationary Phases for the Determination of Sulfonamides by Sequential Injection Chromatography

“…Flow methods are generally fast, robust, and flexible. These methods are used to manipulate, mix, and transport samples and reagents for the development of reactions using a microscale approach (Idris 2010(Idris , 2014. Their extreme versatility distinguishes them from other analytical techniques because they provide fast, accurate, and precise results.…”

“…Silica C 18 (Chocholouš et al , 2013, polymer-based (polyacrylamide gels), synthetic organic materials (acrylate resins), natural polymers (cellulose), and preparative columns have been used for SIC (Šatínský et al 2003;Guiochon 2007;Jangbai et al 2012). The SIC separations are performed using sample volumes and flow rates between 10 and 200 µL and from 0.5 to 2.4 mL min −1 , respectively, and the available pressures of the relief valve are currently 250-500 psi (Idris 2014). However, the low pressures supported by the SIC system limit their application.…”