Applications of Aquaponics on Pakcoy (Brassica Rapa L) and Nila Fish (Oreochromis Niloticus) to the Concentration of Ammonia, Nitrite, and Nitrate

Abstract

To meet the consumption needs of fish and vegetables by utilizing a narrow urban land it can be used an aquaponic system. The aquaponic system is an integration of fish farming with hydroponic cultivation that utilizes the remains of feed and fish waste into nutrients for plants with the help of nitrifying bacteria. In this study used tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L). Determination of ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate concentration aims to find the ammonia change to nitrite and nitrate in fish ponds, biofilter, and hydroponic sequences, and their absorption by plants. The ammonia concentration at three sampling points (3.231-8.989) mg/L and has exceeded the threshold of 0.02 mg/L, while for ammonia concentrations in each sample of pakcoy plant (558.563-2,001.659)mg/Kg. The concentration of nitrite (0.008-0.760)mg/L and has exceeded the standard quality threshold of 0.06 mg/L, except in the 0 day water sample sample 0.009 mg/ L and the water sample after the biofilter 0.008 mg/L, the concentration of nitrite pakcoy plant (3.764-12.321)mg/Kg. Nitrate concentration in water sample (1.046-2.275)mg/L, and still below the standard threshold of freshwater aquaculture (20-30)mg/L, nitrate concentration in pakcoy plant (4,890.09-12,864.7)mg/Kg. Ammonia and nitrite concentrations have exceeded the threshold, while nitrate concentrations are still below the threshold.

The Effectiveness of Aquaponic Compared to Modified Conventional Aquaculture for Improved of Ammonia, Nitrite, and Nitrate

“…Therefore, the toxic waste must be converted so it is not dangerous for the survival and growth of fish. 7,12 The results of the studies that have been conducted, the ammonia content in the aquaponics and modified conventional aquaculture systems can be seen in Fig. -2.…”

“…This is accompanied by a higher average number of fish deaths in a modified conventional aquaculture system. Based on study 7 , one of the factors that influence the concentration of ammonia is the ratio of the number of fish and plants. In conventional systems, there are no hydroponic plants, so that the ammonia content is higher than the aquaponic system.…”

“…Nitrosomonas sp bacteria will convert ammonia (NH 3 ) to nitrite (NO 2 -) then nitrite (NO 2 -) is converted to nitrate (NO 3 -) with the bacteria Nitrobacter sp, and then the nitrate conversion is an organic fertilizer so that it can help the process of hydroponic plant growth. [6][7] Aquaponics technology is proven to be able to produce fish optimally on narrow land and limited water sources so that with the combination of these technologies it is expected that households can meet food for consumption and can increase their income. Furthermore, the use of aquaponic technology can save land and water use, it can also improve business efficiency through the utilization of nutrients from the rest of the feed and metabolism of fish and is one of the environmentally-friendly fish farming systems.…”

“…8 The hydroponic plants used in the aquaponic system in this study are Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L), which is one of the leafy vegetables that have high nutritional value, relatively fast planting time, can grow in the highlands and lowlands and has high economic value 9 , using Rockwool planting media and nutrients for plants derived from nitrates from ammonia reshuffle on aquaponic systems. [7][8] Aquatic animals are chosen by Orechromis niloticus, because these aquatic fish have relatively fast growth, can tolerate poor water quality, have a high tolerance to high salinity, high water temperature, low dissolved oxygen, and high concentrations of ammonia, and Orechromis niloticus is suitable for cultivation in the area tropical. [7][8]10 This study was conducted to compare water quality in an aquaponic system with a modified conventional aquaculture system.…”

“…[7][8] Aquatic animals are chosen by Orechromis niloticus, because these aquatic fish have relatively fast growth, can tolerate poor water quality, have a high tolerance to high salinity, high water temperature, low dissolved oxygen, and high concentrations of ammonia, and Orechromis niloticus is suitable for cultivation in the area tropical. [7][8]10 This study was conducted to compare water quality in an aquaponic system with a modified conventional aquaculture system.…”