An alternative method of synthesizing ZnO-TiO 2 nanorods is through route precipitation and sintering at 600 C. In this study, the introduction of Ti into Zn in the molar ratio Ti:Zn (1:3) produced a composite ZnO-Low TiO 2 (ZnO-LTiO 2 ) while 1:1 produced ZnO-High TiO 2 (ZnO-HTiO 2 ). The effect of the Ti introduced on the antibacterial properties of ZnO-TiO 2 nanorods was investigated with the product structure characterized by XRD and the optimal intensity at 2θ: 31.72 , 34.37 , 36.19 showed a Wurzite structure and a crystal size of 35.8-41.5 nm. The average pore diameters for ZnO-LTiO 2 and ZnO-HTiO 2 were around 5.159 nm and 6.828 nm while the surface areas were 15.692 m 2 /g and 15.421 m 2 /g respectively. The anti-bacterial textile fiber construction was prepared using dip-spin coating with the application of an adipic acid crosslinker for 6 h and stable coating up to 10 times washing. The improvement of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) antibacterial properties in the textiles with coating had an inhibition zone of 20.5-25.0 mm and 16.2 mm without the coating. The elements of the cotton fiber construction include C at 54.60%, O at 40.89%, Ti at 0.81% and Zn at 2.60% while the TG-DTA analysis conducted showed an increase in the heat stability of the textile fibers to a temperature of 400 C, after which the textiles were modified by coating ZnO-TiO 2 nanorods. The findings of this research could be successfully applied to improve the antibacterial properties of textiles.

A selective and sensitive adsorptive stripping voltammetric (AdSV)

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This research analyzes the effects of the use of aquaponics on the metal contents (Cu, Fe and Zn) in water, pakcoy, and tilapia. Fish and plant sampling techniques were conducted randomly while the water sampling was taken at three points: the fish pond, the tank after biofiltering, and the hydroponic tank. Sampling was done 4 times, for 0, 10, 20 and 30 days. The method of wet destruction with aquaregia was used for the preparation of the fish and plant samples. Furthermore, the content of Cu, Fe and Zn metals in water, pakcoy and tilapia was detected using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (FAAS). The results showed that the concentrations of Cu, Fe and Zn metals were higher on the 10 th day than on the 0 days. But after the 20 th day and the the 30 th day, the concentrations of Cu, Fe and Zn in the pond water were reduced. The concentrations of Cu, Fe and Zn metals in the fish pond were 0.008mg/L, 0.44mg/L and 0.309mg/L respectively on the 30 th day. According to the Government Regulation Number 82 of 2001, the standard of water quality for fish and plant cultivation for Cu, Fe and Zn concentrations are 0.02mg/L, 0.3mg/L and 0.05mg/L respectively. It was therefore resolved that the Cu metal concentrations obtained has satisfied the standard of water quality, while the concentrations of Fe and Zn metals did not attain the alleged standard of water quality. The highest level of Cu metal in the tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) was 22.94mg/kg and this was ascertained on the 20 th day. The highest level of Zn concentration on day 0 was 157.10mg/kg. Similarly, the highest level of Fe content on the 30 th day was 826.91mg/kg. On the other hand, the highest level of Cu content in the pakcoy plant was 27.82mg/kg, the highest level of Zn content was 210.81mg/kg and the highest level of Fe content was 2583.61mg/kg and this was detected in the analyzed samples on the 30 th day. The study shows that the content of the Cu and Zn levels in the tilapia and pakcoy plants have exceeded the national standard limit according to Decree of the Director General of Drugs and Food Control POM/03725/B/SKVII/89.

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To meet the consumption needs of fish and vegetables by utilizing a narrow urban land it can be used an aquaponic system. The aquaponic system is an integration of fish farming with hydroponic cultivation that utilizes the remains of feed and fish waste into nutrients for plants with the help of nitrifying bacteria. In this study used tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L). Determination of ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate concentration aims to find the ammonia change to nitrite and nitrate in fish ponds, biofilter, and hydroponic sequences, and their absorption by plants. The ammonia concentration at three sampling points (3.231-8.989) mg/L and has exceeded the threshold of 0.02 mg/L, while for ammonia concentrations in each sample of pakcoy plant (558.563-2,001.659)mg/Kg. The concentration of nitrite (0.008-0.760)mg/L and has exceeded the standard quality threshold of 0.06 mg/L, except in the 0 day water sample sample 0.009 mg/ L and the water sample after the biofilter 0.008 mg/L, the concentration of nitrite pakcoy plant (3.764-12.321)mg/Kg. Nitrate concentration in water sample (1.046-2.275)mg/L, and still below the standard threshold of freshwater aquaculture (20-30)mg/L, nitrate concentration in pakcoy plant (4,890.09-12,864.7)mg/Kg. Ammonia and nitrite concentrations have exceeded the threshold, while nitrate concentrations are still below the threshold.

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