“…The second stage is characterized by a decreasing rate of drying. In agreement with literature, 18 we found that in the constant rate period the surface remains saturated with the solvent. Fig.…”
Section: Characteristics Of the Electrode Suspensionssupporting
“…The second stage is characterized by a decreasing rate of drying. In agreement with literature, 18 we found that in the constant rate period the surface remains saturated with the solvent. Fig.…”
Section: Characteristics Of the Electrode Suspensionssupporting
“…During the following drying step, the drying rate slows down: the liquidvapor meniscus starts to retreat inside the pores and the transport of liquid to the surface is the rate-limiting mechanism. The liquid that cannot reach the surface has to evaporate within the pores, further decreasing the drying rate [21,22]. Higher liquid content corresponds to larger shrinkage.…”
Section: Drying Shrinkage and Green Densitymentioning
Gadolinia-doped ceria ceramic pastes were formulated with different solid loadings and extruded using lab-scale equipment. The force to maintain a constant ram speed of 10 mm/min was recorded. The radial shrinkage after drying was proportional to the solid loading and this allowed the determination of the maximum solid loading by an extrapolation procedure. In order to obtain the apparent viscosity of the pastes, a novel approach based on the analysis of the slope of the extrusion pressure plot versus distance covered by the ram, was formulated for the direct determination of the shear stress upon extrusion. The agreement of the determined maximum solid loading with values calculated by two existing models confirmed that the proposed approach was an alternative and reliable method to identify the upper limit of the solid loading range for the formulation of extrudable ceramic pastes.
“…[16][17][18] Others new applications of this technique have been recently developed. [19][20][21][22] The originality of this technique developed in the GEMH laboratory lies in the in situ microstructural evolution indirect-monitoring at high temperature. Here, the device aims to characterize the damage evolution and the chronology of microstructural changes occurring during thermal cycles.…”
Section: High Temperature Acoustic Emission Techniquementioning
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