Application of spinel-structured MgFe2O4 nanoparticles for simultaneous electrochemical determination diclofenac and morphine

Review—Review on the Progress in Electrochemical Detection of Morphine Based on Different Modified Electrodes

“…Carbon based electrodes like spectroscopic grade graphite, pyrolytic graphite, carbon paste electrode, carbon ionic liquid, screen printed electrode, carbon fiber micro electrode, carbon ceramic electrode, and boron doped diamond electrode and glassy carbon electrode are proven to be effective in determining minute quantities of morphine. 17,[70][71][72][73][74] Pencil graphite leads used as working electrodes are currently known as pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs). Besides the fact that they are cheap, PGEs are also easy to use and more convenient and there is no time-consuming electrode surface cleaning/polishing step.…”

Review—Perovskite/Spinel Based Graphene Derivatives Electrochemical and Biosensors

“…The functionality of this technique was validated by testing the urine sample for morphine and diclofenac, the results showed a good recovery rate. 59 Heavy metal sensing.-The heavy metal ions that are generally associated with poisoning humans are lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and arsenic (As). These heavy metals are hazardous to the environment and therefore should be monitored.…”

Synthesis and application of mixed-spinel magnesioferrite: structural, vibrational, magnetic, and electrochemical sensing properties

“…It is reported to have a minimal cytotoxic effect, ease of fabrication, cost-effectiveness, superior chemical stability, high capacity, and biocompatibility, making this ferrite an excellent candidate for electrochemical sensing. 20 Therefore, MgFe 2 O 4 and its composites have been studied for various electrochemical sensing applications, such as (i) MgFe 2 O 4 prepared by a solution-based method for electrochemical investigation of dopamine; 21 (ii) MgFe 2 O 4 synthesized by a coprecipitation route for electrochemical detection of morphine and diclofenac; 22 (ii) MgFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles prepared by a facile nitrate-sucrose decomposition method for trace level detection of mercury( ii ) from wastewater samples; 23 (iii) hydrothermally synthesized MgFe 2 O 4 anchored on reduced graphene oxide to detect the environmentally hazardous 4-cyanophenol; 24 (iv) CTAB@MgFe 2 O 4 nanocomposite prepared using a sol-gel route for glucose and H 2 O 2 sensing; 25 (v) MoS 2 @MgFe 2 O 4 composites synthesized via the hydrothermal process for promising colorimetric detection of glucose and H 2 O 2 . 26 The majority of these reported studies have been performed by time-consuming, expensive methods, follow complicated procedures, and provide less yield.…”