Application of PeakForce tapping mode of atomic force microscope to characterize nanomechanical properties of organic matter of the Bakken Shale

Li, Chunxiao; Ostadhassan, Mehdi; Guo, Shuqin; Gentzis, Thomas; Kong, Lingyun

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2018.06.021

Cited by 80 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Nanoindentation results (Young's modulus and hardness) were deconvoluted by multi-variate clustering technique [12]. The assumption is that the mechanical property of each phase in the material displayed a normal or Gaussian distribution, meaning the nanoindentation data measured in the experiments match theGaussian Mixture Model (GMM).…”

Section: Deconvolution Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rocks are complex in multiscale with heterogeneous structures, which makes prediction models for geomechanical properties challenging [1][2][3][4][5][6]. An emerging necessity to link microscale to macroscale properties has led researchers to take efforts to propose multiscale models of poromechanical behaviors, for different rock types [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Conventional geomechanical testing on core plugs was established as a standard laboratory approach to obtain elastic properties at a plug scale, with some the drawbacks including: lack of core plugs, time constraints and costs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geomechanical Upscaling Methods: Comparison and Verification via 3D Printing

et al. 2019

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Understanding geomechanical properties of rocks at multiple scales is critical and relevant in various disciplines including civil, mining, petroleum and geological engineering. Several upscaling frameworks were proposed to model elastic properties of common rock types from micro to macroscale, considering the heterogeneity and anisotropy in the samples. However, direct comparison of the results from different upscaling methods remains limited, which can question their accuracy in laboratory experiments. Extreme heterogeneity of natural rocks that arises from various existing components in them adds complexity to verifying the accuracy of these upscaling methods. Therefore, experimental validation of various upscaling methods is performed by creating simple component materials, which is, in this study, examining the predicted macroscale geomechanical properties of 3D printed rocks. Nanoindentation data were first captured from 3D printed gypsum powder and binder rock fragments followed by, triaxial compression tests on similar cylindrical core plugs to acquire modulus values in micro and macroscale respectively. Mori-Tanaka (MT) scheme, Self-Consistent Scheme (SCS) method and Differential Effective Medium (DEM) theory were used to estimate Young’s modulus in macroscale based on the results of nanoindentation experiments. The comparison demonstrated that M-T and SCS methods would provide us with more comparable results than DEM method. In addition, the potential applications of 3D printed rocks were also discussed regarding rock physics and the geomechanics area in petroleum engineering and geosciences.

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Section: Deconvolution Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geomechanical Upscaling Methods: Comparison and Verification via 3D Printing

et al. 2019

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“…All mechanical properties are deducted from the deflection of the cantilever when the AFM probe is in interaction with the sample surface. PF-QNM results for materials such as polyurethane and poly(styrene) samples (Dokukin & Sokolov, 2012), different polymers with a range of Young's modulii from low-density poly(ethylene) (0.2 GPa) to poly(methyl methacrylate) (3 GPa) (Young et al, 2011), flax fibre cell walls (Arnould et al, 2017), poly (L-Lactic Acid) nanofibres (Cuong et al, 2020), bitumen (Fischer et al, 2013), organic matter of Bakken Shale (Li et al, 2018), nanobubbles (Walczyk et al, 2013) and also living bacteria with elastic modulus (from several MPa to 10 GPa) relatively low, have been reported. For relatively high Young's modulus (>50 GPa), first results are published in 2014 on polished glass surfaces (Hopf & Pierce, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative mapping of high modulus materials at the nanoscale: comparative study between atomic force microscopy and nanoindentation

Germanicus

Mercier

Agrebi

et al. 2020

Journal of Microscopy

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Summary Local mechanical properties of submicron features are of particular interest due to their influence on macroscopic material performance and behaviour. This study is focused on local nanomechanical measurements, based on the latest Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) mode, where the peak force set point is finely controlled at each pixel. After probe calibration, we evaluate the impact of spring constant of two AFM hand‐crafted natural full diamond tips with steel cantilevers, used for mapping. Based on the fast capture of the cantilever deflection at each pixel and real time force curve analysis in the elastic region, AFM local measured contact moduli mappings of the silica beads (>50 GPa) incorporated in an epoxy resin matrix, are compared with those determined using classical instrumented nanoindentation tests. Our analyses show that with the two AFM probes, without local residual deformation, the high moduli of the silica beads measured with this advanced AFM mode are within the standard deviation of the values determined by classical nanoindentation. Lay Description The knowledge of material properties at the nanometer scale is a key parameter for well understanding and determining the behavior of material at macroscopic scale. In this paper, we compare two methods (an advanced mode and a classical one) based on the analysis of probes in interaction with the surface of studied material. We focus on a latest developed mode for determining local mechanical properties with a very high spatial resolution. For the advanced mode, we also consider two different hand‐crafted probes. Our analyses show that with the high spatial resolution advanced mode, local mechanical properties are well determined. We also highlight the impact of the properties of the used probes for this advanced mode. In a final step, the power of the presented investigation lies in the fact that it does not modify the topography of the surface.

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“…Hydraulic fracturing is an effective technique to stimulate shale gas reservoirs, which enables the boom of shale gas development over the world (Li et al, 2018;Wanniarachchi et al, 2018;Mohtar et al, 2019;Yin et al, 2017;Zhou et al, 2019). Shale is usually characterized as layered and contains complex natural fractures (Liu et al, 2016;Liu et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutual interference of layer plane and natural fracture in the failure behavior of shale and the mechanism investigation - A numerical study

Zhao¹,

Xie²,

Fan³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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• PFC-based numerical model are conducted to simulate the failure behavior of layered shale with natural fracture under Brazilian tests. • Complex interference of layer plane and natural fracture in failure strength and fracture pattern of shale are clarified. • Damage modes, micro cracks and sensitivity of tensile/cohesion strength are recognized quantitatively during loading/failure process.

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Application of PeakForce tapping mode of atomic force microscope to characterize nanomechanical properties of organic matter of the Bakken Shale

Cited by 80 publications

References 49 publications

Geomechanical Upscaling Methods: Comparison and Verification via 3D Printing

Geomechanical Upscaling Methods: Comparison and Verification via 3D Printing

Quantitative mapping of high modulus materials at the nanoscale: comparative study between atomic force microscopy and nanoindentation

Mutual interference of layer plane and natural fracture in the failure behavior of shale and the mechanism investigation - A numerical study

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