Application of organomineral fertilizers sourced from filter cake and sewage sludge can affect nutrients and heavy metals in soil during early development of maize

Abstract

This study determined the changes in soil nutrients, organic carbon, organic matter and heavy metals during the early development stages of maize fertilized with different sources and doses. Also, this study confirmed that the used biosolid in the formulation of organomineral fertilizer makes greater efficacy than the effects promoted by mineral or filter cake organomineral fertilizers already used in agricultural. The experiment was done in a greenhouse at the Federal University of de Uberlândia - Campus Umuarama. The experimental design was randomized block design, as a 2 x 5 + 2 factorial, containing two sources of organomineral fertilizer consisting of organic residues (biosolid and filter cake), five doses of organomineral fertilizer (60, 80, 100, 120 and 140% of P2O5 recommendation for maize crop), a positive control with mineral fertilization (100%) and a negative one with no fertilization with four replications. The soil pH and contents of phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium base saturation, base sum, micronutrients, organic carbon, organic matter and heavy metals were determined subsequently after plant removal, 65 days after sowing. The organomineral fertilizers based on biosolid and filter cake yielded increases in phosphorus, boron and manganese in the soil, especially the biosolid source. Regardless of the fertilizer organic matter source, soil phosphorus increased linearly with increasing doses of the sources. Doses equal or below the recommendation for maize (100% P2O5) were less effective in supplying potassium. The organomineral sources did not add heavy metals to the soil. Fertilizers based on biosolid can supply nutrients, such as phosphorus, boron and manganese at high doses, replacing mineral fertilization, while maintaining and improving soil fertility with no contamination by heavy metals.

Aplicação de Resíduos da Indústria Sucroalcooleira em Solo como Forma de Mitigar Impactos Ambientais

“…Quando comparado o teor de cálcio disponível do solo sem torta de filtro (1,64 cmolc dm -3 ) com o que recebeu a maior dose correspondente a 44 t ha -1 (3,20 cmolc dm -3 ), pôdese observar aumento de 95% do teor desse elemento no solo. Magela et al (2019), aplicando doses crescentes de torta de filtro sobre o solo observou aumento significativo (p<0,05) nos teores de cálcio do solo, onde esse aumento está relacionado a composição química da torta de filtro. O cálcio é proveniente da caleação do caldo durante o método de clarificação do mesmo adicionado o cal [Ca(OH)2] promovendo elevação do pH auxiliando no tratamento das impurezas (Fedozzi et al, 2018).…”

Chemical and technological characteristics of sugarcane as a function of pelletized organomineral fertilizer with filter cake or sewage sludge sources

“…Organomineral fertilizers based on sanitized sewage sludge can replace the mineral fertilization efficiently on maize [46] and sorghum [47] while improving soil fertility even in reduced doses and without heavy metal contamination. In soybean, reduced doses (25% less compared to mineral fertilizer) of pelletized organomineral fertilizer formulated with sanitized sewage sludge or sugarcane filter cake resulted in increments in plant height and stem diameter [9; 48].…”

Growing vegetables in succession in different soils and doses of phosphorus in an organomineral fertilizer

“…New technologies are being developed to increase the sustainability of vegetable cultivation. The use of organomineral fertilizer (OMF) has been considered an efficient way to provide nutrients and organic matter (OM) in comparison to exclusive use of mineral sources (Magela et al, 2019;Silva et al, 2020).…”