Application of Novel Extraction Technologies for Bioactives from Marine Algae

Abstract

Marine algae are a rich source of bioactive compounds. This paper outlines the main bioactive compounds in marine algae and recent advances in novel technologies for extracting them. Novel extraction technologies reviewed include enzyme-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, and pressurized liquid extraction. These technologies are reviewed with respect to principles, benefits, and potential applications for marine algal bioactives. Advantages of novel technologies include higher yield, reduced treatment time, and lower cost compared to traditional solvent extraction techniques. Moreover, different combinations of novel techniques used for extraction and technologies suitable for thermolabile compounds are identified. The limitations of and challenges to employing these novel extraction technologies in industry are also highlighted.

A review of extractions of seaweed hydrocolloids: Properties and applications

“…There are two main types of MAE, classified as open and closed vessel systems [100]. The closed vessel system is used for extraction of targeted compounds at higher temperature and pressure but has potential explosion risk [100][101][102].…”

“…Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method is an inexpensive, simple and efficient extraction method in comparison to conventional methods (such as Soxhlet, maceration, steam distillation, etc.) and to even microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) methods [100,106]. The enhancement in extraction obtained through this method is mainly attributed to the effect of acoustic cavitation produced in the solvent due to the passage of an ultrasound wave [94,107].…”

Free radical scavenging activity of extracts from seaweeds Macrocystis pyrifera and Undaria pinnatifida: applications as functional food in the diet of prawn Artemesia longinaris

“…In differents studies has been reported that polysaccharides present in algae or their extracts (alginate, fucoidan, and laminarin) can control viral and bacterial diseases (Holdt & Kraan, 2011). The polysaccharides extraction with acid or water as solvent can be not selective, obtaining complex mixtures of the major compounds present in brown macroalgae (Kadam et al, 2013). In the present study, we prepared water-soluble extracts from seaweeds to use the polysaccharide bioactive fraction as functional food.…”

“…Global marine algae utilization is a multibillion-dollar industry; however, it is mainly limited to farming of edible species or production of the hydrocolloids agar, carrageenan, and alginates. Marine algae are also rich in dietary fibers, sulfated polysaccharides, omega-3 fatty acids, amino acids, bioactive peptides, vitamins, minerals, and carotenoids (Kadam et al, 2013). The bioactive potential of marine algae as a functional food ingredient is underexploited; however, many initiatives are currently being taken to exploit them as food ingredient applications.…”

Rapid and high yield Extraction method for Saponins from Safed musli

“…9,10 In general soxhlet, maceration and sonication are the most commonly used extraction methods. The drawbacks of soxhlet, maceration and sonication are the large amount of solvent and long extraction time needed.…”