Application of mixture design in analytical chemistry

Bezerra, Marcos Almeida; Lemos, Valfredo Azevedo; Novaes, Cléber Galvão; Jesus, Raildo Mota de; Filho, Hélio Rocha Souza; Araújo, Sulene Alves; Alves, Juscelia Pereira Santos

doi:10.1016/j.microc.2019.104336

Cited by 47 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…The effervescent extrudates containing paracetamol were developed according to a combined mixture design planned for using the polymeric matrix (HPMC and PVPVA) and the disintegrating agent (PTK and LDF) as input variables (Table 1) [23][24][25]. The responses were chosen considering important parameters for the production and use of effervescent drug products, i.e., moisture content, disintegration time, compressibility, and drug solubilization.…”

Section: Combined Mixture Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hot-Melt Extrusion as an Advantageous Technology to Obtain Effervescent Drug Products

et al. 2020

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Here, we assessed the feasibility of hot-melt extrusion (HME) to obtain effervescent drug products for the first time. For this, a combined mixture design was employed using paracetamol as a model drug. Extrudates were obtained under reduced torque (up to 0.3 Nm) at 100 °C to preserve the stability of the effervescent salts. Formulations showed vigorous and rapid effervescent disintegration (<3 min), adequate flow characteristics, and complete solubilization of paracetamol instantly after the effervescent reaction. Formulations containing PVPVA in the concentration range of 15–20% m/m were demonstrated to be sensitive to accelerated aging conditions, undergoing marked microstructural changes, since the capture of water led to the agglomeration and loss of their functional characteristics. HPMC matrices, in contrast, proved to be resistant to storage conditions in high relative humidity, showing superior performance to controls, including the commercial product. Moreover, the combined mixture design allowed us to identify significant interactions between the polymeric materials and the disintegrating agents, showing the formulation regions in which the responses are kept within the required levels. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that HME can bring important benefits to the elaboration of effervescent drug products, simplifying the production process and obtaining formulations with improved characteristics, such as faster disintegration, higher drug solubilization, and better stability.

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Section: Combined Mixture Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hot-Melt Extrusion as an Advantageous Technology to Obtain Effervescent Drug Products

et al. 2020

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“…Indeed, as we can see clearly in Fig.4 above, with a high content of these three compounds, the particle sizes of the sulfur increases, to examine the influence of the three components on the consistency of the formulation carefully and to set the limits of a useful interval of their concentrations in terms of effectiveness, a mixture experimental design with constraints was planned. According to the work of Bezerra and all 53 , constraints can set lower and upper limits for the variables. These limits establish a new experimental domain that constitutes a fraction of the complete domain.…”

Section: Name Number Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the simplex design for mixtures, is well known by the work of Scheffe 27 in 1963. According to several scientists [28][29][30][31][32][33] , mixture design is generally used to examine the formulations that are composed of many constituents to determine the best combination of all the components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of experimental design methodology in the formulation of a new additive for the dispersion of elemental sulfur in triple superphosphate fertilizer

et al. 2020

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Yields improvement of the crop depends on many parameters witch each of them acts for a specific manner to boost the plant growth and allow the soil to be more efficient to any kind of plant. Our research is based on the implementation of elemental sulfur into the preparation of triple superphosphate fertilizer and its dispersion into the blend. By adding a small amount of it to the mixture, sulfur particles disperse uniformly by using additives in the phosphate fertilizer.This technique is successfully reached by integrating many additives obtained from different chemical industries to spread out the sulfur particle in the fertilizer.Several experiments were done by adopting the experimental design methodology (DOE) related to a screening mixture design to select the best surfactant used. So, nine commercial products with different chemical proprieties have been evaluated as a dispersant of elemental sulfur in triple superphosphate fertilizer. First, thanks to the screening mixture design, three products have been chosen for this formulation. Second, by using the mixture design method, new dispersants of elemental sulfur in triple superphosphate fertilizer have been reached. With this method, apart from it is being possible to obtain several dispersants, it is also possible to control the distribution and the average of the particle diameter of the elemental sulfur. Moreover, statistical validation tests confirm the achievement of the sulfur particle size of approximately 1000 µm.

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“…Reagents are substances that are added in order to bring or induce a change reaction [8][9] [10]. The mixture of the analytical samples must be perfect (homogeneous), so a mixer is needed to assist the mixing [11] [12]. The tools used in the stirring or mixing process are expected to produce well mixed (homogeneous) samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Stirrer with Speed Advisor and Timer Based on Microcontroller

Nugraha¹,

Mahardiananta

Putra

et al. 2021

Journal of Robotics and Control

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A magnetic stirrer is a laboratory tool that is used to stir or mix a solution with another solution so that the solution is heterogeneous. Technology and science have now progressed, so in this study, a microcontroller-based magnetic stirrer was designed. This tool is designed with digital speed and time settings, with digital technology, it is hoped that the data reading error of the speed and time of mixing samples can be minimized, efficient in time, relatively easier to use, and produces a homogeneous solution. Based on the results of the analysis that has been carried out by a microcontroller-based magnetic stirrer in a solution with low viscosity from mixing water and syrup, it requires mixing time for 1 minute with low, medium, and high speeds. For a solution with a higher viscosity using water and special grade syrup, it takes 5 minutes at medium and high speeds. To mix water with salt and water with sugar takes 10 minutes at high speed.

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Application of mixture design in analytical chemistry

Cited by 47 publications

References 64 publications

Hot-Melt Extrusion as an Advantageous Technology to Obtain Effervescent Drug Products

Hot-Melt Extrusion as an Advantageous Technology to Obtain Effervescent Drug Products

The use of experimental design methodology in the formulation of a new additive for the dispersion of elemental sulfur in triple superphosphate fertilizer

Magnetic Stirrer with Speed Advisor and Timer Based on Microcontroller

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