Application of liquid chromatography with diode-array detector for determination of acetamiprid and 6-chloronicotinic acid residues in sweet cherry samples

Abstract

A rapid and simple method for simultaneous determination of acetamiprid and its metabolite 6-chloronicotinic acid in sweet cherry samples has been developed. This residue analysis method is based on the reversed phase separation on C 18 column with gradient elution. Analytes' determination and quantification were performed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode-array detector and chromatograms were extracted at 230 nm. Extraction efficiency experiments demonstrated the ability of this method to extract neonicotinoids from sweet cherry samples. These insecticides were extracted with a mixture of acetonitril/0.1N ammonium-chloride (8/2, v/v). The average recoveries of acetamiprid and 6-chlornicotinic acid from sweet cherry samples were in the range of 95-101% and 73-83%, respectively, with the associated relative standard deviations (RSDs) <5%. Expanded measurement uncertainties for the analyzed compounds were 2.7 and 3.01%. The limit of quantification (LOQ) was 10 µg/kg and 30 µg/kg for acetamiprid and 6-chloronicotinic acid, respectively. Thus, the developed HPLC/DAD method can be considered a useful tool for sensitive and rapid determination of acetamiprid and 6-chloronicotinic acid. Hence, the method may find further application in the analysis of real sweet cherry samples contaminated with these insecticides at a ppb level.

Part-per-trillion LC-MS/MS determination of neonicotinoids in small volumes of songbird plasma

“…We previously developed a direct aqueous injection LC-MS/MS method [45] for the analysis of eight neonicotinoids, including acetamiprid, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid (first generation neonicotinoids), clothianidin, thiamethoxam (second generation), dinotefuran (third generation) and flonicamid, a new systemic pesticide that is often included in the neonicotinoid group [46] in environmental water samples. A common metabolite of the first generation neonicotinoids, 6-chloronicotinic acid (6-CNA) [47,48], was also included in the method as it had been detected in bees after exposure to neonicotinoids [35]. Compared to water samples, biological fluids like blood usually contain more complicated matrix components that may cause matrix effects during electrospray ionization [49].…”

Simultaneous determination of acetamiprid and 6‐chloronicotinic acid in environmental samples by using ion chromatography hyphenated to online photoinduced fluorescence detector

“…Whereas, conventional HPLC equipped with UV or DAD is a commonly used alternative technique because of its low cost and versatility [3,8,10,14]. But its successful application is impeded by poor selectivity and sensitivity of UV detector for the accurate quantification of neonicotinoids in the sample matrices [6,7,12,19,20]. LC coupled with a fluorescence detector (LC-FLD) is a comparatively simple, cost-effective, sensitive, and selective technique for the high-throughput and accurate quantification of analytes of interest [21].…”

Simultaneous Determination of Six Insecticides in Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) by UHPLC-MS/MS

“…Imidacloprid and acetamiprid were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) [14][15][16]. Others some reports for determination analysis of acetamiprid, Thiacloprid, Thiamethoxam, flonicamid and clothianidin in different matrices can be found by the HPLC [17] to analysis acetamiprid by liquid and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry for determination for determination acetamiprid, clothianidin, thiacloprid [18]. Some also reported for analysis of thiacloprid, the ion chromatography(IC) [19].…”

“…A few reports have made for analysis in food, such as analysis flonicamid in dried hops by liquid chromatography (LC) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) [23], simultaneous determination of flonicamid and its metabolites in vegetables using QuEChERS and reverse-phase liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry [24]. There are simultaneous determinations of five insecticides in bees (acetamiprid, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam and clothianidin) by LC-MS/ MS QuEChERS [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25].…”