Application of Light-emitting Diodes and the Effect of Light Quality on Horticultural Crops: A Review

Zheng, Liang; Hua-ming, HE; Song, Weitang

doi:10.21273/hortsci14109-19

Cited by 55 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…For lettuce, the total chlorophyll concentration is cultivardependent because the levels of this photosynthetic pigment increase in the red-leaf lettuce cultivar 'Sunmang' when the proportion of blue light is increased from 10% to 20%; in comparison, the green-leaf lettuce cultivar 'Grand Rapid TBR' is unaffected in the same manner (Son and Oh, 2015). Chlorophyll biosynthesis is regulated by blue light photoreceptors (i.e., cryptochrome) as well as phytochrome proteins that interact with red and far-red light (Liu et al, 2017;Zheng et al, 2019). In our study, the increased supply of blue light to indoor-grown microgreens corresponded with a decreased supply of red light from sole-source LEDs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

The Proportion of Blue Light from Light-emitting Diodes Alters Microgreen Phytochemical Profiles in a Species-specific Manner

Ying¹,

Jones-Baumgardt²,

Zheng³

et al. 2021

horts

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Microgreens are specialty vegetables that contain human health-promoting phytochemicals. Typically, microgreens are cultivated in controlled environments under red and blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs). However, the impact of varying the proportions of these light qualities on the composition of diverse phytochemicals in indoor-grown microgreens is unclear. To address this problem, the levels of chlorophylls, carotenoids, ascorbates, phenolics, anthocyanins, and nitrate were examined in arugula (Eruca sativa L.), ‘Red Russian’ kale [Brassica napus L. subsp. napus var. pabularia (DC.) Alef.], ‘Mizuna’ mustard (Brassica juncea L.), and red cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata f. rubra) microgreens following cultivation under LEDs supplying varying proportions of blue light (5% to 30%) and red light (70% to 95%). Varying the proportion of blue light did not affect the extractable levels of total chlorophyll, total carotenoids, or nitrate in all four microgreen species. Generally, the levels of reduced and total ascorbate were greatest in arugula, kale, and mustard microgreens at 20% blue light, and a minor decrease was apparent at 30% blue light. These metabolite profiles were not impacted by the blue light percentage in red cabbage. Kale and mustard accumulated more total phenolics at 30% blue light than all other blue light regimens; however, this phytochemical attribute was unaffected in arugula and red cabbage. The total anthocyanin concentration increased proportionally with the percentage of supplied blue light up to 30% in all microgreens, with the exception of mustard. Our research showed that 20% blue light supplied from LED arrays is ideal for achieving optimal levels of both reduced and total ascorbate in all microgreens except red cabbage, and that 30% blue light promotes the greatest accumulation of total anthocyanin in indoor-grown Brassicaceae microgreens, with the exception of mustard.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

The Proportion of Blue Light from Light-emitting Diodes Alters Microgreen Phytochemical Profiles in a Species-specific Manner

Ying¹,

Jones-Baumgardt²,

Zheng³

et al. 2021

horts

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For instance, red light affects the photosynthetic apparatus development, and red and blue light are most efficiently utilized for photosynthesis (Paradiso et al 2011a). Blue light influences stomatal opening, plant height and chlorophyll biosynthesis, while far red light stimulates flowering in longday plants and red/far red ratio regulates stem elongation and branching, leaf expansion, and reproduction (Zheng et al 2019). Finally, green light can drive long-term development and short-term acclimation to light conditions, acting from a chloroplast scale to a whole-plant level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light-Quality Manipulation to Control Plant Growth and Photomorphogenesis in Greenhouse Horticulture: The State of the Art and the Opportunities of Modern LED Systems

Paradiso

Proietti

2021

J Plant Growth Regul

243

121

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Light quantity (intensity and photoperiod) and quality (spectral composition) affect plant growth and physiology and interact with other environmental parameters and cultivation factors in determining the plant behaviour. More than providing the energy for photosynthesis, light also dictates specific signals which regulate plant development, shaping and metabolism, in the complex phenomenon of photomorphogenesis, driven by light colours. These are perceived even at very low intensity by five classes of specific photoreceptors, which have been characterized in their biochemical features and physiological roles. Knowledge about plant photomorphogenesis increased dramatically during the last years, also thanks the diffusion of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), which offer several advantages compared to the conventional light sources, such as the possibility to tailor the light spectrum and to regulate the light intensity, depending on the specific requirements of the different crops and development stages. This knowledge could be profitably applied in greenhouse horticulture to improve production schedules and crop yield and quality. This article presents a brief overview on the effects of light spectrum of artificial lighting on plant growth and photomorphogenesis in vegetable and ornamental crops, and on the state of the art of the research on LEDs in greenhouse horticulture. Particularly, we analysed these effects by approaching, when possible, each single-light waveband, as most of the review works available in the literature considers the influence of combined spectra.

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“…LEDs have many advantages, including small size, durability, low energy consumption, low heat emission, and longevity compared to conventional light sources. LEDs can also provide a specific light spectrum; thus, they are appropriate for studying the effect of light quality on plant behaviors for observing the response of plants to a target wavelength without the interference of other wavelength ranges, and various combinations of light wavelengths can be applied [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light Quality Affects Water Use of Sweet Basil by Changing Its Stomatal Development

Lim

Kim

2021

Agronomy

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Different light qualities affect plant growth and physiological responses, including stomatal openings. However, most researchers have focused on stomatal responses to red and blue light only, and the direct measurement of evapotranspiration has not been examined. Therefore, we quantified the evapotranspiration of sweet basil under various red (R), green (G), and blue (B) combinations using light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and investigated its stomatal responses. Seedlings were subjected to five different spectral treatments for two weeks at a photosynthetic photon flux density of 200 µmol m−2 s−1. The ratios of the RGB light intensities were as follows: R 100% (R100), R:G = 75:25 (R75G25), R:B = 75:25 (R75B25), R:G:B = 60:20:20 (R60G20B20), and R:G:B = 31:42:27 (R31G42B27). During the experiment, the evapotranspiration of the plants was measured using load cells. Although there were no significant differences in growth parameters among the treatments, the photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance were higher in plants grown under blue LEDs (R75B25, R60G20B20, and R31G42B27) than in the R100 treatment. The amount of water used was different among the treatments (663.5, 726.5, 728.7, 778.0, and 782.1 mL for the R100, R75G25, R60G20B20, R75B25, and R31G42B27 treatments, respectively). The stomatal density was correlated with the blue light intensity (p = 0.0024) and with the combined intensity of green and blue light (p = 0.0029); therefore, green light was considered to promote the stomatal development of plants together with blue light. Overall, different light qualities affected the water use of plants by regulating stomatal conductance, including changes in stomatal density.

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Application of Light-emitting Diodes and the Effect of Light Quality on Horticultural Crops: A Review

Cited by 55 publications

References 90 publications

The Proportion of Blue Light from Light-emitting Diodes Alters Microgreen Phytochemical Profiles in a Species-specific Manner

The Proportion of Blue Light from Light-emitting Diodes Alters Microgreen Phytochemical Profiles in a Species-specific Manner

Light-Quality Manipulation to Control Plant Growth and Photomorphogenesis in Greenhouse Horticulture: The State of the Art and the Opportunities of Modern LED Systems

Light Quality Affects Water Use of Sweet Basil by Changing Its Stomatal Development

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