Apple Picker: Computer software for studying human responding on concurrent and multiple schedules

Lack of reinforcement enhancing effects of nicotine in non-dependent smokers

“…Reinforcement was determined by responses on a modified version of a computer program called "Applepicker" (Norman and Jongerius 1985), which has been used in prior studies in this lab (Perkins et al 1994a; and elsewhere (e.g., Epstein et al 1991). The task required using a joystick to move a cursor around a "field" of "apple trees" on a monitor, looking for "apples".…”

Possible Reinforcement Enhancing Effects of Bupropion During Initial Smoking Abstinence

“…Reinforcement was determined by number of responses on a modified operant computer program called "Applepicker" (AP; Norman & Jongerius 1985), used in many prior studies (e.g. Epstein, Bulik, Perkins, Caggiula, & Rodefer, 1991;Perkins, Epstein, Grobe, & Fonte, 1994).…”

Sex differences in the subjective and reinforcing effects of cigarette nicotine dose

“…This task was adapted from "Applepicker" (Norman and Jongerius 1985) and required operating a joystick to move a cursor across rows of "trees" in a "field" on the computer screen and picking on each tree to find an "apple". The response requirement was the number of "trees" needing to be picked before an "apple" could be found.…”