Apolipoprotein E is a genetic risk factor for fetal iodine deficiency disorder in China

Wang, H. Y.; Zhang, F. C.; Gao, Jian; Fan, Jinbo; Liu, P.; Zheng, Zijian; Xi, Heng-Dong; Sun, Yi‐Min; Gao, Xiao Cai; Huang, Tiezhu; Zhang, Ke; Guo, Genyan; Feng, Guo; Breen, Gerome; Clair, David St; He, Lin

doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4000735

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…However, E4 has been found to be a risk factor for fetal iodine deficiency in the Chinese population. It has been proposed that this phenomenon may affect population selection and contribute to the low frequency of E4 in Chinese versus Caucasian populations [Wang et al, 2000]. In the present study, there was an underrepresentation of E4 in females relative to males as previously reported [Moalem et al, 2000].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Relation between apolipoprotein E genotype, hepatitis b virus status, and thyroid status in a sample of older persons with down syndrome

Percy

Potyomkina

Dalton

et al. 2003

American J of Med Genetics Pt A

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Dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) is common in older persons with Down syndrome (DS). There are three common alleles of the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene (Sigma 2, Sigma 3, and Sigma 4) resulting in three different isoforms (E2, E3, and E4) and six different genotypes (2,2; 2,3; 2,4; 3,3; 3,4; and 4,4). Sigma 4 is a risk factor for DAT whereas Sigma 2 appears prophylactic. As hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and hypothyroidism also are common in DS, we evaluated associations between ApoE type, HBV status, and thyroid status in a sample of older persons with DS (n = 55; mean age, 44.3 +/- 10.8 years) using chi-squared analysis. Participants were classified as E2 (2,2 or 2,3), E3 (3,3), or E4 (3,4 or 4,4); positive for markers of HBV infection in the present or past (i.e., total HBcAb+ and/or HBsAg+ with or without infectivity, defined as HBV+) or negative for markers of HBV infection (defined as HBV-) and, currently receiving thyroid hormone supplement (defined as "hypothyroidism") or having normal thyroid function. The majority of the HBV+ were currently HBcAb+ and HBsAb+, but not HBsAg+. In females, there was an ApoE allele effect on thyroid status (P < or = 0.01), E2 being negatively (P < or = 0.01) and E4 being positively (P < or = 0.05) associated with "hypothyroidism". There was no evidence for an ApoE allele effect on thyroid status in males. There was no evidence for an ApoE allele effect on HBV status, or for an HBV status effect on thyroid status. As thyroid status can affect cognitive function, ApoE allele effects in DAT may, in part, be thyroid effects.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Relation between apolipoprotein E genotype, hepatitis b virus status, and thyroid status in a sample of older persons with down syndrome

Percy

Potyomkina

Dalton

et al. 2003

American J of Med Genetics Pt A

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“…The reason and consequences of this phenomenon are still unclear. Moreover, as described by Wang et al [59], the APOE genotype may affect the influence of thyroid hormone on neuronal cell growth during the first and second trimesters of fetal development. They suggested that in iodine-deficient areas, the presence of the APOE ε4 allele is a genetic risk factor for the development of fetal iodine deficiency disorder.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Function, <b><i>APOE</i></b> Gene Polymorphisms, and Thyroid Status Associations in Postmenopausal Women in Poland

Bojar¹,

Stasiak²,

Cyniak-Magierska³

et al. 2016

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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Background: The objective of the study was to analyze a potential association between cognitive functions and thyroid status in postmenopausal women with different polymorphisms of the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE). Methods: The examined population included 402 postmenopausal women from south-eastern Poland. The evaluation of cognitive functions was made with the use of the diagnostic Central Nervous System-Vital Signs equipment (Polish version). Multiplex polymerase chain reactions were performed to assess APOE polymorphisms. The thyroid hormone tests were assessed by an accredited laboratory. Results and Conclusion: Lower results of cognitive functions were associated with the presence of the ε4 APOE allele in postmenopausal women. The ε4 APOE polymorphism was associated with a higher concentration of thyroid-stimulating hormone and lower concentrations of free triiodothyronine and total triiodothyronine.

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“…Worldwide iodine deficiency is the leading cause of preventable MR and its elimination is within reach with enormous benefits [Delange et al, 2001]. Moreover Chinese studies show that genetic factors may also underly the susceptibility to iodine deficiency [Wang et al, 2000]. In the meantime, epidemiological data relating to MR in China with its 1.3 billion population are limited [Sonnander and Claesson, 1997].…”

Section: Social Classmentioning

confidence: 99%

The epidemiology of mental retardation: Challenges and opportunities in the new millennium

Leonard

Wen

2002

Ment. Retard. Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev.

537

388

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There are a number of problems and challenges in relating the science of epidemiology to mental retardation (MR). These relate to how MR is defined and classified and how these definitions may change over time. These as well as other differences in ascertainment sources and methods need to be considered when comparing MR prevalence over time and place. On the other hand, advances in technology also provide new and efficient methods of data collection both by data linkage and by use of web-based methods to study rare diseases. While prevalence studies have not been individually reviewed, we have examined the range of data including recent studies relating to how prevalence differs according to age, gender, social class and ethnicity. Some problems with available etiological classification systems have been identified. Recent etiological studies, most of which use different classification systems, have been reviewed and explanations have been postulated to account for differences in results. Individual risk factors for MR are considered whilst the option of considering a population as opposed to a high risk strategy to MR prevention is raised. This might well involve improving the social milieu surrounding the occurrence of individual risk factors. The impact of biotechnological advances such as antenatal and neonatal screening and assisted reproduction on MR are discussed. The issue of how inequalities in access to technology may impact on case identification and even have the potential to further widen inequalities is raised. The importance of extending the use of epidemiological tools to study the social, health and economic burden of MR is also emphasized. However, in order to apply to MR the "prevention-intervention-research" cycle, which surely underpins all epidemiology, it is vital to ensure that the methodological challenges we raise are adequately addressed.

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Apolipoprotein E is a genetic risk factor for fetal iodine deficiency disorder in China

Cited by 18 publications

References 20 publications

Relation between apolipoprotein E genotype, hepatitis b virus status, and thyroid status in a sample of older persons with down syndrome

Relation between apolipoprotein E genotype, hepatitis b virus status, and thyroid status in a sample of older persons with down syndrome

Cognitive Function, <b><i>APOE</i></b> Gene Polymorphisms, and Thyroid Status Associations in Postmenopausal Women in Poland

The epidemiology of mental retardation: Challenges and opportunities in the new millennium

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