Apolipoprotein A1 level in plasma of patients with diabetes and diabetic patients with COVID-19 as a possible marker of disease

Abstract

Increased levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) in plasma is associated with a reduced risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD). In addition to its potential cardioprotective function, HDL and ApoA1, the main HDL apolipoprotein, also have antidiabetic properties. The aim of the study was to determine the level of ApoA1 in the blood of patients (n = 81) with type 2 diabetes mellitus and COVID-19. ApoA1 was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (Elabscience, USA). The measurements were performed at an optical density of 450 nm. We showed that the level of ApoA1 in the blood of patients with type 2 diabetes and especially with COVID-19 was significantly lower than in the blood of healthy people. Blood ApoA1 levels did not show a further decrease in patients with both COVID-19 and diabetes compared with patients with COVID-19 without diabetes. Thus, the level of ApoA1 may be one of the promising markers of severe COVID-19.

Apolipoprotein B and oxLDL levels in plasma of patients with diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and COVID-19

“…In addition, we studied the content of ApoB, not LDL-C, and they may have different dynamics. The level of ApoA1 was significantly decreased in the blood of COVID-19 patients [12].…”

Активність сигнального каскаду РІ3К/Akt у плазмі та мононуклеарах периферичної крові у хворих на цукровий діабет 2-го типу

“…Окрім потенційної кардіопротекторної функції, зазначені показники також мають протидіабетичні властивості. Встановлено, що рівень ApoA1 у крові хворих на ЦД був значно нижчим, а рівень аполіпопротеїну B (apolipoprotein B, ApoB) та окиснених ЛПНЩ -вищим, ніж у крові здорових людей [61,62]. На рівень АроА1 впливають супутні захворювання.…”

New Discovery of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell’s Tale on Viral Infection and COVID-19

“…Although more research is needed, one of the markers that can predict the correct mortality rate among COVID-19 ICU patients is mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin (MR-proADM): it presented as high levels in non-survivors (113). In addition, several recent studies have shown new markers such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, neutrophil-to-platelet ratio, uric acid level, total antioxidant capacity, eosinophil/PMN ratio, high-density lipoprotein, and apoprotein A1 (114)(115)(116)(117)(118)(119).…”