Aplicación extendida del Modelo del Contenido de los Estereotipos (MCE) hacia tres grupos de inmigrantes en España

Abstract

ResumenEste trabajo pretende aplicar y ampliar el Modelo del Contenido de los Estereotipos (MCE) en España, con el fin de conocer los estereotipos de una muestra de españoles sobre los tres principales grupos de inmigrantes en dicho país. Se incluyó la moralidad y la sociabilidad como dimensiones separadas, frente a la dimensión unitaria de calidez. Los participantes evaluaron a marroquíes (N = 140), rumanos (N = 134) y ecuatorianos (N = 139) en diferentes características (estereotipos), así como en el estatus y la competición con las que los percibían. Un Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio reveló que el modelo formado por tres dimensiones presentaba un mejor ajuste que otros modelos más sencillos, confirmando que moralidad, sociabilidad y competencia son dimensiones diferentes en la percepción exogrupal. Los resultados se discuten abordando la utilidad del MCE, considerando la dimensión de moralidad, y la ambivalencia de los estereotipos hacia diferentes grupos inmigrantes. Palabras clave: Actitudes estereotipadas, inmigración, Modelo Contenido Estereotipos, moralidad. Abstract This work aimed to apply and extend the Stereotype Content Model (SCM) in Spain, in order to identify Spanish participants' stereotypes about the three main immigrant groups in the country. This survey included morality and sociability as separate dimensions, instead of the unified warmth dimension. Participants assessed Moroccans (N = 140), Romanians (N = 134), and Ecuadorians (N = 139) on different traits (stereotypes), as well as the status and competitionwith which immigrants were perceived. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis revealed that the three-factor model fitted the data better than more parsimonious models. It confirmed that morality, sociability, and competence were distinct out-group dimensions. The results are discussed on the basis of the utility of the amplified SCM in Spain, highlighting the morality dimension, and the mixed stereotypes towards different immigrant groups.

Acculturation preferences and behavioural tendencies between majority and minority groups: The mediating role of emotions

“…Majority members were also more restrictive with a devalued target (preferring them to maintain less of their original culture) and felt fewer positive emotions and more negative emotions towards Moroccan immigrants compared with a valued target, Ecuadorian immigrants. These specific findings not only confirmed but also extended previous results in research in and out of Spain (Bourhis & Dayan, 2004;Bourhis et al, 1997;Cottrell & Neuberg, 2005;López-Rodríguez et al, 2013;Montreuil & Bourhis, 2001;Navas et al, 2005Navas et al, , 2012Piontkowski et al, 2000).…”

“…Moroccans and Ecuadorians were respectively chosen as devalued and valued immigrant groups, because previous research in Spain had found that majority members perceived Moroccan immigrants as being less moral, sociable and competent (López-Rodríguez, Cuadrado, & Navas, 2013) and evoking a more realistic and symbolic threat than did Ecuadorian immigrants (Navas, Cuadrado, & López-Rodríguez, 2012). In Study 2, the perspective of these two minority groups was in turn considered when assessing the majority group (i.e., Spaniards).…”

I will help you because we are similar: Quality of contact mediates the effect of perceived similarity on facilitative behaviour towards immigrants

“…For the purposes of this research, Moroccans and Ecuadorians were considered as devalued and valued targets, respectively. As previous research had demonstrated, Spaniards had a more negative image of Moroccans (López‐Rodríguez, Cuadrado, & Navas, ) and perceived them as a greater threat than Ecuadorians (Navas, Cuadrado, & López‐Rodríguez, ). We predicted that majority group members would perceive themselves as less similar to, and inform less pleasant contact with Moroccans than Ecuadorians, as well as reporting less facilitative behaviour and more harmful behaviour towards Moroccans (Hypothesis 2; H 2 ).…”

“…Hagendoorn, ). It was not surprising that participants reported a less facilitative tendency towards Moroccans, because they have a more negative stereotype of these immigrants (López‐Rodríguez et al, ) and feel they pose a more realistic and symbolic threat than other immigrant groups (Navas et al, ).…”

Investigating stereotype structure with empirical network models

“…Methodologically, common factor models (e.g., Brown, 2006) identify the way in which variables can be grouped on the basis of shared variance, but they require all variables to be interpreted as virtually homogeneous indicators of the same latent variable. As a consequence, in the context of the SCM, it has been argued that stereotype structure is best represented by a two-factor structure (e.g., Fiske et al, 2002), three-factor structure (e.g., L opez-Rodr ıguez, Cuadrado, & Navas, 2013), second order factor structure (interpersonal perception traits, Srivastava, Guglielmo, & Beer, 2010), or bi-factor structure (Sayans-Jim enez, Cuadrado, Rojas, & Barrada, 2017). Equally important, when common factor models are applied, they can produce an infinite number of nearly equivalent models based on trivially small fit variations (Raykov & Penev, 1999), but with very different theoretical interpretations (e.g., first order, higher order, or bi-factor models; see Van Bork, Epskamp, Rhemtulla, Borsboom, & van der Maas, 2017).…”