Apatite‐forming ability, cytocompatibility, and mechanical properties enhancement of poly methyl methacrylate‐based bone cements by incorporating of baghdadite nanoparticles

Abstract

Bone cement synthesis through combination of polymers and bioceramics leads to the enhancement of mechanical and biological performances required for osteogenic properties and apatite‐formation ability with the aim of new bone growth. The purpose of the present study is to characterize a novel poly methyl methacrylate–poly caprolactone (PCL) bone cement containing baghdadite (BAGH) for orthopedic applications. Considerable enhancement in the mechanical properties was found in the cement containing BAGH compared to the cement without BAGH. Noticeably, favorable bioactivity was found in the bone cement containing BAGH, while the cement without BAGH presented poor bioactivity. The MTT assay illustrated that the MG63 osteoblasts' viability was noticeably improved by incorporation of BAGH into the cement. In addition, higher cell attachment and spreading were observed in the cement containing BAGH compared to the cement without BAGH. Hence, the synergistic effects of the cement containing BAGH including high mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and desirable cytocompatibility make it an attractive candidate for filling bone defects in orthopedic surgeries.

Polymethyl Methacrylate-Based Bone Cements Containing Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene Oxide: An Overview of Physical, Mechanical, and Biological Properties

“…In the first step, the presence of enough functional groups, like carboxylic and hydroxyl groups, on the GO surface can help the interfacial interactions between PMMA and GO, which simplified the creation of stronger interfacial adhesion between PMMA and GO resin [ 98 , 127 ]. It should be noted that the wrinkled GO surfaces can improve the eventuality of mechanical interlocking to a greater extent [ 128 , 129 , 130 , 131 , 132 ]. Taken together, future research can focus on the characterization of the PMMA-carbon-based composite BCs system and the effect of CBNs including graphene, GO, and CNTs combinations for future therapeutic advancements and fractured bone treatments development.…”

Three-Dimensional Printing Constructs Based on the Chitosan for Tissue Regeneration: State of the Art, Developing Directions and Prospect Trends

“…Similar to any other TE process, BTE involves a scaffold matrix with/without cells and biological cues for an effective result, i.e., bone reproduction. The biomaterials employed for building a bone scaffold matrix consist of polymers (natural or synthetic), natural-synthetic polymeric blends, and ceramics or polymer-ceramic composites [77][78][79][80]. One of the most broadly utilized polymers for bone reproduction is CS.…”

“…One of the most broadly utilized polymers for bone reproduction is CS. Its cationic character is essential for BTE fields as CS might form polyelectrolyte complexes with anionic biological macromolecules [77][78][79][80]. Particularly, anionic GAGs including heparin and heparan sulfate modulate the action of numerous cytokines and growth factors crucial to bone reproduction.…”

“…Particularly, anionic GAGs including heparin and heparan sulfate modulate the action of numerous cytokines and growth factors crucial to bone reproduction. Therefore, CS treatment with GAGs or CS incorporated with GAGs in vivo might play a vital role in making use of growth factors to assist in bone creation [50,[77][78][79][80]. A crucial characteristic of CS regarding TE is the simplicity with which it is usually functionalized.…”

Biowaste‐derived hydroxyapatite reinforced with polyvinyl pyrrolidone/aloevera composite for biomedical applications

“…The prime consideration for the formation of bioceramic/polymer composite is to improve the mechanical property of bioceramic material for its biomedical applications especially in load bearing area. 60 In this study, the mechanical property (hardness) of the as-synthesized CS-HAP, CS-HAP/(1, 2, 3 wt%) PVP and CS-HAP/PVP/(0.5, 1, 1.5 wt%) AV composite is evaluated and the details are summarized in Figure 5. From the figure it is well clear that, as the concentration of PVP in CS-HAP/PVP composite is increased the hardness values is also increased and a maximum increase in the hardness value of 163 Hv is observed for CS-HAP/2 wt% PVP.…”