In this paper, we have fabricated the samarium/gadoliniumsubstituted hydroxyapatite (Sm/Gd-HAP) coating on the borate-passivated AISI 316L SS stainless steel. The structural and morphological characteristics of the Sm/Gd-HAP coatings were investigated using various analytical techniques and the anticorrosion behavior of the coating was studied through electrochemical techniques. The antibacterial activity of the coating was tested against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacterial stains and, in particular, S. aureus showed better sensitivity toward the Sm/Gd-HAP coating, which might be due to the Sm substitution in the coating. The in vitro cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of the as-developed coating on passivated AISI 316L SS were investigated using MC3T3-E1 cell line, which exhibited a high cell proliferation rate and provided significantly higher cell viability. Thus, the resultant Sm/Gd-HAP coating on passivated AISI 316L SS could be considered to be an effective bioimplant for bone tissue regeneration applications.
Hydroxyapatite (Ca (PO)(OH), HAP), a multimineral substituted calcium phosphate is one of the most substantial bone mineral component that has been widely used as bone replacement materials because of its bioactive and biocompatible properties. However, the use of HAP as bone implants is restricted due to its brittle nature and poor mechanical properties. To overcome this defect and to generate suitable bone implant material, HAP is combined with biodegradable polymer (polycaprolactone, PCL). To enhance the mechanical property of the composite, carbon nanofibers (CNF) is incorporated to the composite, which has long been considered for hard and soft tissue implant due to its exceptional mechanical and structural properties. It is well-known that nanofibrous scaffold are the most-prominent material for the bone reconstruction. We have developed a new remarkable CNF/PCL/mineralized hydroxyapatite (M-HAP) nanofibrous scaffolds on titanium (Ti). The as-developed coatings were characterized by various techniques. The results indicate the formation and homogeneous distribution of components in the nanofibrous scaffolds. Incorporation of CNF into the PCL/M-HAP composite significantly improves the adhesion strength and elastic modulus of the scaffolds. Furthermore, the responses of human osteosarcoma (HOS MG63) cells cultured onto the scaffolds demonstrate that the viability of cells were considerably high for CNF-incorporated PCL/M-HAP than for PCL/M-HAP. In vivo analysis show the presence of soft fibrous tissue growth without any significant inflammatory signs, which suggests that incorporated CNF did not counteract the favorable biological roles of HAP. For load-bearing applications, research in various bone models is needed to substantiate the clinical availability. Thus, from the obtained results, we suggest that CNF/PCL/M-HAP nanofibrous scaffolds can be considered as potential candidates for orthopedic applications.
Current strategies of bilayer technology have been aimed mainly at the enhancement of bioactivity, mechanical property and corrosion resistance. In the present investigation, the electropolymerization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxypyrrole-co-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (P(EDOP-co-EDOT)) with various feed ratios of EDOP/EDOT on surgical grade stainless steel (316L SS) and the successive electrodeposition of strontium (Sr(2+)), magnesium (Mg(2+)) and cerium (Ce(3+)) (with 0.05, 0.075 and 0.1 M Ce(3+)) substituted porous hydroxyapatite (M-HA) are successfully combined to produce the bioactive and corrosion resistance P(EDOP-co-EDOT)/M-HA bilayer coatings for orthopedic applications. The existence of as-developed coatings was confirmed by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H NMR), high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Also, the mechanical and thermal behavior of the bilayer coatings were analyzed. The corrosion resistance of the as-developed coatings and also the influence of copolymer (EDOP:EDOT) feed ratio were studied in Ringer's solution by electrochemical techniques. The as-obtained results are in accord with those obtained from the chemical analysis using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). In addition, the antibacterial activity, in vitro bioactivity, cell viability and cell adhesion tests were performed to substantiate the biocompatibility of P(EDOP-co-EDOT)/M-HA bilayer coatings. On account of these investigations, it is proved that the as-developed bilayer coatings exhibit superior bioactivity and improved corrosion resistance over 316L SS, which is potential for orthopedic applications.
The present investigation focuses on the synthesis of crabshell-derived hydroxyapatite (CS-HAP)/ water-soluble synthetic polymer-polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)/ aloevera(AV)-a natural biopolymer, as a composite for enhanced mechanical, antibacterial and biocompatible properties. The reinforcement of polymer has a significant function in increasing the mechanical property of the composite, whereas the incorporation of AV improves the antibacterial and biocompatibility. Phase composition, morphology, mechanical property, and hydrophilicity of CS-HAP/PVP/ AV biocomposite with different concentrations of PVP and AV were examined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), Vickers microhardness tests, contact angle, respectively. Furthermore, the antibacterial efficiency of the composite is assessed using Escherichia coli (E coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S aureus). The biocompatibility of HOS MG 63 cells on the CS-HAP/PVP/ AV composite is evaluated by MTT assay test. The obtained results evidence that the as-synthesized composite have appropriate mechanical, antibacterial and biocompatible properties. Overall, the combination of mechanical property of PVP, antibacterial and biocompatible property of AV in CS-HAP/PVP/AV, makes the composite a potential therapeutic material for various biomedical applications.
The current work
mainly focuses on the innovative nature of nano-gallium-substituted
hydroxyapatite (nGa-HAp)/Pergularia daemia fiber extract (PDFE)/poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK)
biocomposite coating on titanium (Ti) metal in an eco-friendly and
low-cost way through electrophoretic deposition for metallic implant
applications. Detailed analysis of this nGa-HAp/PDFE/PVK biocomposite
coating revealed many encouraging functional properties like structure
and uniformity of the coating. Furthermore, gallium and fruit extract
of PDFE-incorporated biocomposite enhance the in vitro antimicrobial, cell viability, and bioactivity studies. In addition,
the mechanical and anticorrosion tests of the biocomposite material
proved improved adhesion, hardness, and corrosion resistance properties,
which were found to be attributed to the presence of PDFE and PVK.
Also, the swelling and degradation behaviors of the as-developed material
were evaluated in simulated body fluids (SBF) solution. The results
revealed that the as-developed composite exhibited superior swelling
and lower degradation properties, which evidences the stability of
composite in the SBF solution. Overall, the results of the present
study indicate that these nGa-HAp/PDFE/PVK biocomposite materials
with improved mechanical, corrosion resistance, antibacterial, cell
viability, and bioactivity properties appear as promising materials
for biomedical applications.
Novel multifunctional
biocomposite materials that mimic the properties
of bone are the need of the hour. In view of this, the current work
is focused on the fabrication of a snail shells derived europium-substituted
hydroxyapatite (Eu-HAP)/poly(3,4-propylenedioxythiophene) (PProDOT)/Calotropis gigantea fiber (CGF) ternary composite
on titanium (Ti) for biomedical applications. The structural, morphological,
mechanical, electrochemical, and biological properties of the as-developed
coatings on Ti were characterized. The obtained results clearly confirmed
the formation and properties of the ternary composite (Eu-HAP/PProDOT/CGF).
The presence of CGF, an exceptional reinforcement material, in the
ternary composite is proven to improve mechanical and biological properties
compared to other coatings (i.e., coating without CGF). Also, electrochemical
studies revealed better anticorrosion properties of the composite-coated
Ti in a simulated body fluid (SBF) solution. Similarly, the presence
of Eu-HAP and PProDOT in the composite is clearly evident from the
antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia
coli (E. coli) and
also by the cell proliferation and cell adhesion by the MTT assay
test. Thus, we suggest that the fabricated Eu-HAP/PProDOT/CGF ternary
composite with mechanical, corrosion resistance, and biocompatible
properties might be an appropriate candidate for biomedical applications.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.