Antiviral activity of Acanthaster planci phospholipase A2 against human immunodeficiency virus

Wijanarko, Anondho; Lischer, Kenny; Hermansyah, Heri; Pratami, Diah Kartika; Sahlan, Muhamad

doi:10.14202/vetworld.2018.824-829

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The finding of this research supports the hypothesis of PLA2 from animal venom which exhibits antiviral activity that may inhibit HIV replication by several other researchers [8,10,26]. Our results are similar to Fenard et al .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…This is a lower value than the LC 50 of PLA2 from A. planci venom obtained by Wijanarko et al . which was 1.64 mg/ml [10].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PLA2 is a protein compound that has antiretroviral activity against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) [8-10]. The mechanism of action of PLA2 against HIV based on fact Acanthaster planci -PLA2-I and -II have hemolytic activity only in the presence of phosphatidylcholine (PC), which releases fatty acids that act as antibacterial agents and also possess myotoxic activity [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antiretroviral activity of Pterois volitans (red lionfish) venom in the early development of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome antiretroviral alternative source

et al. 2019

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Aim: This study aimed to investigate the antiviral activity of Pterois volitans phospholipase A2 (PV-PLA2) from Indonesia to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Materials and Methods: Fresh venomous fin parts of wild PV specimens were collected from Java Sea waters. Then, it washed using phosphate buffer pH 7.0 and immersed in phosphate buffer pH 7.0 0.01 m containing CaCl2 0.001 m for 24 h. The immersed fin then allowed for extraction process by sonicating for 2×8 min with 80% pulse and 20 kHz output with temperature controlling to avoid denaturation. The crude venom (CV) extracted from the fin is allowed for purification by 80% ethanol (ET) precipitation and ammonium sulfate fractionation method. The purified PV-PLA2 then analyzed using Lowry's method, Marinette's method, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and 3-(4, 5-dimethyl thiazol-2yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. After determining the purest and safest sample of six samples analyzed, the chosen sample then tested into simian retrovirus-2 (SRV2)-A549 culture (48×104 cells/mL at 1-4 ppm), and compared to the CV sample (1-4 ppm) and lamivudine (100 ppm). The culture then is analyzed using a quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction to find out the copy number of SRV-2 virus in each culture. Results: The protein's activity, concentration, and purity analysis revealed that the PV-PLA2 purified using ammonium sulfate fractionation has the highest activity (1.81 times higher than the CV at 80% fractionation) and has higher purity than the sample from ET fractionation. The testing of the sample purified using ammonium sulfate fractionation at 80% saturation level shown that it has a 97.78% inhibition level toward SRV2-A549 culture at 4 ppm. However, in comparison to lamivudine which has 99.55% inhibition level at 100 ppm, it needs much lower concentration to achieve the same result. Conclusion: The significant inhibition of SRV2-A549 culture shown that the PV-PLA2 extracted from PV venom has the potential to become anti-HIV substances. It would be worthwhile to further evaluate the antiretroviral activity of PV-PLA2 in the in vivo studies.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…This is a lower value than the LC 50 of PLA2 from A. planci venom obtained by Wijanarko et al . which was 1.64 mg/ml [10].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antiretroviral activity of Pterois volitans (red lionfish) venom in the early development of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome antiretroviral alternative source

et al. 2019

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“…Moreover, Real Time-qPCR and gel electrophoresis revealed that the expression of the HIV group-specific antigen (Gag) strongly decreased in treated PBMC cells. The decline of infection rates was also confirmed by immunofluorescence approaches [190].…”

Section: Echinodermsmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…PV-PLA2 has been shown to affect antiretroviral activity of SRV2, suggesting that PV-PLA2 can be a good anti-HIV drug candidate [251]. PLA2 from other source has been also found to have antiretroviral activity against HIV [190,252,253].…”

Section: Marine Vertebratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ten-Year Research Update Review: Antiviral Activities from Marine Organisms

et al. 2020

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Oceans cover more than 70 percent of the surface of our planet and are characterized by huge taxonomic and chemical diversity of marine organisms. Several studies have shown that marine organisms produce a variety of compounds, derived from primary or secondary metabolism, which may have antiviral activities. In particular, certain marine metabolites are active towards a plethora of viruses. Multiple mechanisms of action have been found, as well as different targets. This review gives an overview of the marine-derived compounds discovered in the last 10 years. Even if marine organisms produce a wide variety of different compounds, there is only one compound available on the market, Ara-A, and only another one is in phase I clinical trials, named Griffithsin. The recent pandemic emergency caused by SARS-CoV-2, also known as COVID-19, highlights the need to further invest in this field, in order to shed light on marine compound potentiality and discover new drugs from the sea.

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What do secreted phospholipases A2 have to offer in combat against different viruses up to SARS-CoV-2?

et al. 2021

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Secreted phospholipases A 2 (sPLA 2 s) form a widespread group of structurally-related enzymes that catalyse the hydrolysis of the sn -2 ester bond of glycerophospholipids to produce free fatty acids and lysophospholipids. In humans, nine catalytically active and two inactive sPLA 2 proteins have been identified. These enzymes play diverse biological roles, including host defence against bacteria, parasites and viruses. Several of these endogenous sPLA 2 s may play a defensive role in viral infections, as they display in vitro antiviral activity by both direct and indirect mechanisms. However, endogenous sPLA 2 s may also exert an offensive and negative role, dampening the antiviral response or promoting inflammation in animal models of viral infection. Similarly, several exogenous sPLA 2 s, most of them from snake venoms and other animal venoms, possess in vitro antiviral activities. Thus, both endogenous and exogenous sPLA 2 s may be exploited for the development of new antiviral substances or as therapeutic targets for antagonistic drugs that may promote a more robust antiviral response. In this review, the antiviral versus proviral role of both endogenous and exogenous sPLA 2 s against various viruses including coronaviruses is presented. Based on the highlighted developments in this area of research, possible directions of future investigation are envisaged. One of them is also a possibility of exploiting sPLA 2 s as biological markers of the severity of the Covid-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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Antiviral activity of Acanthaster planci phospholipase A2 against human immunodeficiency virus

Cited by 7 publications

References 37 publications

Antiretroviral activity of Pterois volitans (red lionfish) venom in the early development of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome antiretroviral alternative source

Antiretroviral activity of Pterois volitans (red lionfish) venom in the early development of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome antiretroviral alternative source

Ten-Year Research Update Review: Antiviral Activities from Marine Organisms

What do secreted phospholipases A2 have to offer in combat against different viruses up to SARS-CoV-2?

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