Antipsychotic and behavior effect of the ethanolic extract from the bark of Maytenus macrocarpa (Ruiz &Pav.) Briq.in mice

Abstract

Antipsychotic and behavior effect of the ethanolic extract from the bark of Maytenus macrocarpa (Ruiz &Pav.) Briq.in mice ABSTRACTIntroduction: Different studies indicate that Maytenus has many effects and that M. obtusifolia species has a central nervous system depressant effect. Objective: To determine antipsychotic and behavior modifying effect of the Maytenus macrocarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Briq.ethanolic extract, using the forced swim test and Irwin test. Method: 77 albino mice were used, with an average weight of 25 g. They were split into 7 groups and they were administered with Maytenus macrocarpa of 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg, 800 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg, caffeine 32 mg/kg, diazepam 32 mg/ kg, fluoxetine 30 mg/kg, haloperidol 5 mg/kg, distilled water (placebo) 0,1 ml/10 g, and a control group. The Irwin test was used to evaluate presence or absence of lethality, convulsions, Straub tail, sedation, excitement, abnormal gait, jumps, motor in coordination, abdominal writhes, piloerection, stereotypies, head twitches, scratching and breathing. The forced swim test was used to evaluate the antidepressant effects of each substance. SUMMARY• Maytenus macrocarpa demonstrated an antipsychotic effect and behavior modifying effect.• Maytenus macrocarpa in doses of 200, 600, 800, and 1000 mg/kg showed a non-Gaussian distribution.• The Irwin Test showed that sedation was the most important behavior after the use of Maytenus macrocarpa.• The Forced Swim Test showed an inverse proportion correlation of dose-response compared with immobility time.

Antidepressant and Antipsychotic-like Activity of the Ethanolic Extract of the Leaves of Maytenus macrocarpa

“…[10][11][12][13] Also, there is a study in rodents of the bark of Maytenus macrocarpa in which it was demonstrated neuroleptic effect, sedation and stereotypes, on the other hand, in another study of the root of Maytenus obtusifolia it was demonstrated the potential depressant effect over the central nervous system. [14][15] Depression is a disorder of the mood that causes disability and affects more than 300 million people around the world. In Peru the prevalence of depression is at the range of 18, 2% to 21, 4%.…”