Antiplasmodial activity of Xanthium strumarium against Plasmodium berghei-infected BALB/c mice

Abstract

The present work was undertaken to evaluate the antiplasmodial activity of ethanolic leaves extract of traditional medicinal plant Xanthium strumarium in Plasmodium berghei-infected BALB/c mice along with phytochemical screening and acute toxicity test to support its traditional medicinal use as a malaria remedy. The ethanolic leaves extract of X. strumarium (ELEXS) 150, 250, 350 and 500 mg/kg/day demonstrated dose-dependent chemosuppression during early and established infection long with significant (p < 0.001) repository activity. The oral administration of 500 mg/kg/day concentration showed a maximum of 88.6% chemosuppression during early infection, which was more than that of the standard drug chloroquine (5 mg/kg/day) with 88.3% chemosuppression. However, 60% mortality has been found in this group. The LD(50) of ELEXS was found to be 1.5 g/kg/mouse. The administration of 350 mg/kg/day concentration of extract have been found to exert 90.40% chemosuppression during repository infection, which was well comparable to standard drug pyrimethamine (1.2 mg/kg/day) exerting 92.91% chemosuppression. The extract has been found to enhance mean survival time of mice from 21 to 26 days with 250 and 350 mg/kg/day concentrations, while 150 mg/kg/day concentration has been found to sustain all the mice up to 29 days which was similar to the employed standard drug chloroquine (5 mg/kg/day). All these findings support the ethanopharmacological use of X. strumarium as malarial remedy and indicate the potential of plant for active antiplasmodial components.

Antiplasmodial activity of aqueous extract ofBerberis aristataroots againstPlasmodium berghei-infected BALB/c mice

“…Plasmodium berghei (NK-65) is a lethal rodent malaria parasite. Mice infected with parasite die within 7-10 d of infection in normal course of infection (Chandel & Bagai, 2010). In the present study, in vitro results showed that AREBA is effective at high dose, while in vivo results showed that it is effective only when administered at lower concentration.…”

“…Natural products, mainly plants, are fundamental source of numerous drugs and therapeutics. Interestingly, the most important and effective drugs used in malaria treatment have been derived from the plants (Chandel et al, 2012).…”

Antiarthritic effects of Ajuga bracteosa Wall ex Benth. in acute and chronic models of arthritis in albino rats

“…The herb has also been credited for its astringent, febrifugal, stimulant, tonic, and diuretic properties [1] . The previous pharmacological investigations on A. bracteosa have reported the antifeedant activity against Spodoptera littoralis larvae [2] , cancer chemopreventive [3] , and antiplasmodial [4,5] activities. A. bracteosa was also reported to inhibit the acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase and lipoxygenase activity [6] .…”

Antidiabetic Potency of Leaves of Ajuga Bracteosa on Hypoglycemic Activity in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Chicks.

“…It is a perennial erect or ascending hairy herb, often prostrate with oblanceolate or sub-spathulate leaves and grows up to 5-50 cm tall. It is distributed in subtropical and temperate regions from Kashmir to Bhutan, Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, Malaysia, western Himalayas, plains of Punjab and upper gangetic plains of India (Khare, 2007) at an altitude of 1300 m. In India, it abounds in western Himalaya at an altitude of 1300 m (Chandel and Bagai, 2010). It is found along roadsides, open slopes and rock cervices up to 1500 m above mean sea level (Chauhan, 1999 However, the aim of present study is to check the antidiabetic potency of the hydroalcoholic extract of leaves of Ajuga bracteosa in the form of hypoglycemic value in Alloxan induced diabetic chicks.…”