No abstract

Intraoperative bleeding causing poor visibility of surgical field is of major concern during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) and impaired visibility may result in many complications. The study aimed to compare surgical conditions for FESS during controlled hypotension provided by esmolol or nitroglycerine (NTG) under general anaesthesia. 52 adult patients of both sexes requiring FESS under general anaesthesia were randomly divided to receive either esmolol (group ESM, n = 26) or NTG (group NTG, n = 26) to provide controlled hypotension. Surgical condition was assessed by surgeon using average category scale (ACS) of 0-5, a value of 2-3 being ideal. In both groups mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) was gradually reduced till ACS for assessment of surgical condition (ACS) of 2-3 or lowest targeted MABP (60 mm of Hg) was achieved. Both the drugs produced desired hypotension and improved surgical condition by reducing operative field bleeding but ideal operative conditions were achieved at mild hypotension (MABP 75-70) in ESM group while same conditions were achieved at MABP of 69-65 mm of Hg in NTG group. Mean heart rate was significantly higher in NTG group as compared to ESM group. Blood loss was significantly less in ESM group. Both NTG and esmolol can be used safely to provide controlled hypotension during FESS. Both the drugs improved visibility of surgical field by reducing capillary bleeding. But esmolol offered better operative conditions with only minimal reduction in MABP. No reflex tachycardia and less intraoperative haemorrhage were additional advantages of esmolol.

Since the emergence of novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection in Wuhan, China in December 2019, it has now spread to over 205 countries. The ever-growing list of globally spread corona virus-19 disease (COVID19) patients has demonstrated the high transmission rate among human population. Although 12 new drugs are being tried for management of COVID19, currently there are no FDA approved drugs or vaccines to prevent and treat the infection of the SARS-CoV-2. Considering the current state of affairs, there is an urgent unmet medical need to identify novel and effective approaches for prevention and treatment of COVID19 by re-evaluating the knowledge of traditional medicines and repurposing of drugs.Here, we used molecular docking approach to explore the beneficial roles of an array of phytochemicals and active pharmacological agents present in the Indian herbs (Tulsi, Haldi, Giloy, Black pepper, Ginger, Clove, Cardamom, lemon, and Ashwagandha) which are widely used in the preparation of Ayurvedic medicines in the form of Kadha to control various respiratory disorders such as cough, cold and flu. The evaluation was made based on the docking scores calculated by AutoDock Vina. Our study has identified an array of phytochemicals present in these herbs which have significant docking scores and potential to inhibit different stages of SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as other Coronavirus target proteins.Molecular docking also indicated that, the phytochemicals present in these herbs possess significant anti-inflammatory property. Overall our study provides scientific justification in terms of binding of active ingredients present in different plants used in Kadha preparation with viral proteins and target proteins for prevention and treatment of the COVID19. This preparation can boost individual's immunity and inhibit the viral severity by interfering at different stages of virus multiplication in the infected person.Ayurveda's immunity boosting measures for self care during COVID 19 crisis. The Ministry of Ayurvedic, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy (AYUSH),

No abstract

During preoperative staging the authors performed upper abdominal computed tomographic (CT) scanning in 38 patients with non‐small cell lung carcinoma. Five of the 38 patients had occult adrenal metastases based on CT images. Two of these five patients, who would otherwise have been surgical candidates for definitive thoracotomy, underwent percutaneous fine‐needle aspiration cytology of the suspected adrenal metastases. Cytology results in both cases were positive for metastatic carcinoma, thereby precluding thoracotomy. Upper abdominal CT scanning may optimize preoperative staging of selected non‐small cell lung cancer patients.

Aim: The present study aimed to investigate huperzine A as an anti-Alzheimer agent based on the principle that a single compound can regulate multiple proteins and associated pathways, using system biology tools.Methodology: The simplified molecular-input line-entry system of huperzine A was retrieved from the PubChem database, and its targets were predicted using SwissTargetPrediction. These targets were matched with the proteins deposited in DisGeNET for Alzheimer disease and enriched in STRING to identify the probably regulated pathways, cellular components, biological processes, and molecular function. Furthermore, huperzine A was docked against acetylcholinesterase using AutoDock Vina, and simulations were performed with the Gromacs package to take into account the dynamics of the system and its effect on the stability and function of the ligands.Results: A total of 100 targets were predicted to be targeted by huperzine A, of which 42 were regulated at a minimum probability of 0.05. Similarly, 101 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways were triggered, in which neuroactive ligand–receptor interactions scored the least false discovery rate. Also, huperzine A was predicted to modulate 54 cellular components, 120 molecular functions, and 873 biological processes. Furthermore, huperzine A possessed a binding affinity of −8.7 kcal/mol with AChE and interacted within the active site of AChE via H-bonds and hydrophobic interactions.

Aim & objective To fi nd if direct laryngoscopy (DL) could be done without using succinylcholine and secondly, to acertain the appropriate anesthetic regimen. Patients and methodsIn a double blind placebo controlled study 67 patients aged 40-75 years of age, of both sex requiring direct laryngoscopy (DL) either for diagnosis or for biopsy were enrolled. The patients were randomly divided in three groups. The patients in group F and S received Fentanyl or Sufentanil respectively along with Propofol, whereas those in group N received normal saline (placebo) and propofol. The conditions of laryngoscopy, hemodynamic parameters and any adverse events were recorded. Good or fair conditions for laryngoscopy were achieved in 91% (21), 87% (19) and 73% (16) of patients in groups F, S and N respectively (p < 0.05) in favor of group F and S. During DL arterial pressure and pulse rate changes were minimal when propofol was administered along with opioids, (group F and S) compared to group N where only propofol was used.Results No serious side effects were seen in the three groups. Hence by these fi ndings we concluded that better conditions of DL are achieved during anesthesia with propofol and fentanyl and sufentanil alone. The opioids provided additional benefi t of stable hemodynamics.

The continued spread of 2019-nCoV has prompted widespread concern around the world. WHO formally named COVID-19 and International Committee on Taxonomy called it Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Due to this viral attack, the whole world is in lockdown. Presently, there is no effective way to control it, except social distancing and hygienic activity. World class scientists and researchers are trying to make vaccine and discover the medicine against the control and cure to this deadly viral disease. Our aim to presenting this article is kick-off deadly viral disease i.e COVID-19 by an easy way with minimum intervention and effort. Different ayurvedic therapeutic agents (Curcuma Longa L, Green tea and Piper nigrum) inhabit entry of virus in host cell, transmission of pathogen and improve the immunity. Curcumin and piperine (1-piperoylpiperidine) interact to each other and form a π—π intermolecular complex which enhance the bioavailability of curcumin by inhibition of glucuronidation of curcumin in liver. Both the molecules curcumin and catechin get bound directly to receptors binding domain of S-protein and ACE-2 receptors of host cell, due to which these molecules inhibit the entry of virus in host cell i. e. animal survives from being infected.