Antiplasmodial Activity of Stigmastane Steroids from Dryobalanops oblongifolia Stem Bark

Abstract

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Three stigmastane steroids: 6-hydroxystigmast-4-en-3-one (1), stigmast-4-en-3-one (2), and 3-hydroxystigmast-5-en-7-one (3) were successfully isolated from the acetone extract of <jats:italic>Dryobalanps oblongifolia</jats:italic> stem bark. The structural determination of isolated compounds was carried out on the basis of data analysis of NMR and MS spectra. In order to identify the antiplasmodial activity, the isolated compound was put to test against <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum</jats:italic> 3D7. Antiplasmodial activity of the isolated compounds showed that the IC<jats:sub>50</jats:sub> values of 6-hydroxystigmast-4-en-3-one were 37.29 μg/mL while the IC<jats:sub>50</jats:sub> values of stigmast-4-en-3-one were 43.54 μg/mL and the IC<jats:sub>50</jats:sub> values of 3-hydroxystigmast-5-en-7-one were 13.34 μg/mL (chloroquine phosphate was used as a positive control, IC<jats:sub>50</jats:sub> 0.006 μg/mL). Judging from the results, the isolated compounds were proven to demonstrate mediocre antiplasmodial activity. Compound (<jats:bold>3</jats:bold>) indicated a better antimalarial activity than compound (<jats:bold>1</jats:bold>) and (<jats:bold>2</jats:bold>), even though there was no satisfactory activity that indicated its ability to combat chloroquine. Therefore, it might not be developed as an antimalarial drug.</jats:p>

Influence of Nutrient Deprivation on the Antioxidant Capacity and Chemical Profile of Two Diatoms from Genus Chaetoceros

“…Also, in C. costatus extracts, a compound with a potential application in nutrition and pharmacy, fucoxanthin, was significantly higher in the P-deprived and N-deprived medium by 80% and 85%, respectively. The compound (3β)-3-HydroXystigmast-5-en-7-one, known for its antimalarial activity [21], was detected in C. costatus extracts cultured in the N-deprived medium. Similar results were detected for a pheophorbide in C. socialis extracts (higher values in P-deprived and N-deprived medium by 77% and 86%, respectively), a chlorophyll derivative known for its anti-cancer, antioxidant, immunostimulatory, neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activity [22].…”

Untitled

“…Berdasarkan hasil uji fitokimia, resin D. keithii larut etanol 96% mengandung sedikit alkaloid dan banyak terpenoid. Sebagai perbandingan, jenis Dryobalanops oblongifolia mengandung komponen steroid (Indriani et al, 2020) dan Dryobalanops aromatica mengandung terpenoid (Aswandi & Kholibrina, 2020;Pasaribu et al, 2014).…”

High Antiplasmodial Activity of Golden Gamat (S.hermanni) Extract Through In Vitro Study

“…We checked parasite cell cultures for thin blood smears to indicate parasitemia before being injected into the microwell (parasitemia levels at -0 hours). Following culture harvesting, a thin blood film was produced using 10% Giemsa staining [3], [15]. The data was analyzed using light microscopy, and we calculated the number of infected red blood cells per one thousand red blood cells [16] (data on parasitemia levels after treatment/data at -48 hours).…”