Antiplasmodial Activity of Some Medicinal Plants Used in Sudanese Folk-medicine

Ahmed, Elhadi M.; Nour, Bakri Y. M.; Mohammed, Yousif G.; Khalid, Hassan S.

doi:10.4137/ehi.s4108

Cited by 45 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…Significant at P<0.05 level LC 50 lethal concentration that kills 50% of the exposed larvae, LC 90 lethal concentration that kills 90% of the exposed larvae, UCL upper confidence limit, LCL lower confidence limit, χ2 Chi-square, df degree of freedom quinquefasciatus. In vitro test for antimalarial activity against schizonts maturation of P. falciparum, the major human malaria parasite, the active extracts that produced 100% inhibition of the parasite growth at concentration of plant material ≤50 μg/ml were obtained from the whole plant of A. bracteolata (Ahmed et al 2010 Kamaraj et al (2009) have reported that the highest larval mortality was found in leaf petroleum ether, flower methanol extracts of Cryptocoryne auriculata, flower methanol extracts of Leucas aspera and R. nasutus, leaf and seed methanol extracts of Solanum torvum, and leaf hexane extract of Vitex negundo against the larvae of A. subpictus (LC 50 =44.21,44.69,53.16,41.07,35.32,28.90,and 44.40 ppm;LC 90 =187.31,188.29,233.18,142.66,151.60,121.05,and 192.11 ppm,respectively) (Chowdhury et al 2009). Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The whole plant extract of Aristolochia bracteolata was examined in vitro for antimalarial activity against schizonts maturation of P. falciparum (Ahmed et al 2010). Study focuses on the antibacterial and antifungal activity of the medicinal plant aqueous, methanol, and chloroform extracts of A. bracteolata tested against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Shigella flexneri, Proteus vulgaris, and Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus, Penicillium notatum, and Rhizopus stolonifer (Kavitha and Nirmaladevi 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Screening for feeding deterrent activity of herbal extracts against the larvae of malaria vector Anopheles subpictus Grassi

Elango¹,

Rahuman²,

Kamaraj³

et al. 2011

Parasitol Res

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This no-choice, laboratory study focuses on the feeding of homogeneous powdered, dried, yeast with different plant extracts on mosquito fourth-instar larvae to determine the effects on their mortality. Screening for antifeedant activity of plant extracts with some known medicinal attributes could lead to the discovery of new agents for vector control. The aim of this study was to investigate the antifeedant activity of crude leaf hexane, ethyl acetate, acetone, and methanol extracts of Andrographis lineata Wallich ex Nees. (Acanthaceae), Anisomeles malabarica (L.) Sims. (Lamiaceae), Argemone mexicana L. (Papaveraceae), Aristolochia bracteolata Lam. (Aristolochiaceae), Chrysanthemum indium L. (Asteraceae), Datura metal L. (Solanaceae), Eclipta prostrata L. (Asteraceae), and Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers. (Fibaceae) against the fourth-instar larvae of Anopheles subpictus Grassi (Diptera:Culicidae). All the crude extracts showed antifeedant activity in a dose-dependent manner. The plant extracts exhibited a significant antifeedant activity after 24 and 48 h of exposure; however, the highest larval mortality was found in leaf ethyl acetate extract of A. malabarica, acetone extract E. prostrata, methanol extract of A. lineata, C. indium, and S. grandiflora after 24 h (LC(50) = 2.53, 2.82, 2.31, 2.56, and 2.08 mg/mL; LC(90) = 6.40, 8.06, 7.45, 6.98, and 6.20 mg/mL), respectively. The hexane extract of A. lineata, D. metal, methanol extract of A. bracteolata and E. prostrata showed larval mortality after 48 h (LC(50) = 3.05, 2.11, 3.00, and 2.18 mg/mL; LC(90) = 9.06, 6.22, 8.23, and 5.77 mg/mL), respectively. One hundred percent larval mortality was observed in methanol extract of A. lineata, and C. indium after 24 h and the hexane extract of A. lineata and D. metal after 48 h at 10 mg/100 mL. The methanol extracts of A. lineata and C. indium significantly increased larval mortality in comparison to larvae fed with untreated diet. Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis is widely accepted as a biological pesticide because of its highly specific activity against dipteran insects without adverse effects on other organisms. The feeding deterrent activity of different herbal extracts against the larvae of malaria vector A. subpictus exhibited significantly lower toxicity compare with the bio larvicides, B. thuringiensis. These results suggest that the methanol extract of A. lineata, C. indium, the hexane extract of A. lineata and D. metal have the potential to be used as an ideal eco-friendly approach for the control of the medically important vector A. subpictus. These findings corroborate traditional insecticidal application of selected plants and the results can be extended for the control of mosquitoes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for feeding deterrent activity of herbal extracts against the larvae of malaria vector Anopheles subpictus Grassi

Elango¹,

Rahuman²,

Kamaraj³

et al. 2011

Parasitol Res

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show abstract

“…Sudanese medicinal plants have been reported to exert antimicrobial activity against viruses, bacteria, and protozoa. [19][20][21][22][23] As infections with worms or molluscs represent a common affliction in that area, medicinal plants have been considered for treatment of these infections. [24][25][26][27] Immunomodulatory properties of Sudanese medicinal plants have also been observed.…”

Section: Traditional Sudanese Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

Gems from traditional north-African medicine: medicinal and aromatic plants from Sudan

Khalid

Abdalla

Abdelgadir

et al. 2012

Nat. Prod. Bioprospect.

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Sudanese folk medicine represents a unique blend of indigenous cultures with Islamic, Arabic and African traditions. In addition, Sudan encompasses different terrains and climatic zones, ranging from desert and semi-desert in the north to equatorial with a short rainy season (semi-aridand semi-humid) in the centre to equatorial with a long rainy season (arid-humid and equatorialhumid) in the south. This variation contributes to the immense diversity of vegetation in the region. The flora of Sudan consists of 3137 species of flowering plants belonging to 170 families and 1280 genera. It is estimated that 15% of these plants are endemic to Sudan. The intersection of diverse cultures and the unique geography holds great potential for Sudanese herbal medicine. Medicinal and aromatic plants and their derivatives represent an integral part of life in Sudan. Indigenous remedies are the only form of therapy available to the majority of poor people. It has been estimated that only 11% of the population has access to formal health care. Therefore, research on the desired pharmacological effects and possible unwanted side effects or toxicity is required to improve efficacy and safety of Sudanese herbal medicine. In the future, it would be preferable to promote the use of traditional herbal remedies by conversion of raw plant material into more sophisticated products instead of completely replacing the traditional remedies with synthetic products from industrialized countries. The present review gives an overview of traditional Sudanese medicinal and aromatic herbs and their habitats, traditional uses, and phytochemical constituents.

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“…Frequentemente encontrada no Centro-Oeste brasileiro, em áreas de matas ciliares do domínio Cerrado, é uma das espécies de Aristolochia empregada na fitoterapia pela população matogrossense e sul mato-grossense (Lorenzi & Matos, 2008, Lorenzi & Souza, 2008. As ações fitomedicinais conhecidas são, na promoção da analgesia, como antidiurético, antiinflamatório, antibacteriano, antiparasitário e como agente antioxidante (Papuc et al 2010;Ahmed et al 2010, Aleixo et al 2014.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Descrição do padrão de venação foliar em Aristolochia esperanzae Kuntze (Aristolochiaceae)

Filho

2020

MSJ

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R E S U M O ___________________________________________________________________________________________As espécies do gênero Aristolochia são frequentemente utilizadas pela população como plantas medicinais para cura ou alívio de doenças, no entanto pouco se sabe as características que diferem as inúmeras espécies da família Aristolochiaceae. Neste trabalho objetivou-se determinar o padrão de venação foliar de Aristolochia esperanzae através da diafanização em diferentes corantes. Para o estudo, foram utilizadas folhas adultas, sem marcas por herbivoria ou ataques por insetos ou fitopatógenos. O material botânico foi coletado em duas áreas localizadas no município de Rio Verde, GO. O material foliar foi diafanizado utilizando os corantes, safranina e azul de toluidina. Os resultados obtidos foram satisfatórios para o corante safranina e em especial para o corante de azul de toluidina que se evidenciaram com maior qualidade e nitidez as estruturas do padrão de venação foliar de Aristolochia esperanzae. Neste estudo observou-se a presença de 7 nervuras primárias, entre 37 a 40 nervuras secundárias, inúmeras nervuras terciárias, quartenárias e quintenárias. Tipo de venação imersa na face adaxial e saliente na face abaxial, as auréolas com padrão fundidas pelas nervuras secundárias e terciárias, e bem desenvolvidas. Presença de vênulas simples e ramificadas apresentando bifurcações, vênulas intersecundárias e pontoações apenas na face abaxial, bem como tricomas glandulares na margem da lâmina. Na margem foliar as vênulas possuem padrão secundário e terciário externo sem a presença de vênulas ramificadas ou bifurcadas. O estudo do padrão de venação de Aristolochia esperanzae apresenta grande contribuição para melhor conhecimento desta espécie, possibilitando avaliar as características foliares na descrição da espécie e sua diferenciação entre os demais táxons.

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Antiplasmodial Activity of Some Medicinal Plants Used in Sudanese Folk-medicine

Cited by 45 publications

References 15 publications

Screening for feeding deterrent activity of herbal extracts against the larvae of malaria vector Anopheles subpictus Grassi

Screening for feeding deterrent activity of herbal extracts against the larvae of malaria vector Anopheles subpictus Grassi

Gems from traditional north-African medicine: medicinal and aromatic plants from Sudan

Descrição do padrão de venação foliar em Aristolochia esperanzae Kuntze (Aristolochiaceae)

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