Screening for feeding deterrent activity of herbal extracts against the larvae of malaria vector Anopheles subpictus Grassi

Elango, Gandhi; Rahuman, Abdul Abdul; Kamaraj, Chinnaperumal; Bagavan, Asokan; Zahir, Abdul Abduz

doi:10.1007/s00436-011-2306-7

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Crude extract of leaves or bark of the plants have been tested earlier by several investigators and larvicdal activities have been shown against C. quinquefasciatus [17][18][19][20][21][22][23].The leaf of O. gratissimum show more effective repellents activity against the C. quinquefasciatus which is in accordance with the Rajkumar's findings [24]. The methanol extracts shows 100% larval mortality at concentration of 500 ug/mL against C.quinquefasciatus is also in accordance with Rajkumar's finding [20].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Larvicidal activity of some selected medicinal plant extracts against the vector of filariasis

Umar

Dankaka

Shah

2020

JES

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The present study assessed the role of larvicidal activities of hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol dried leaf and bark extracts of Ocimum gratissimum, Gleditsia triacanthos, Eucalyptus sglobulus and Azadirachta aindica against the fourth instar larvae of filariasis vector, Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae). Larvicidal activities of four medicinal plant extracts were studied in the range of 4.69 to 1000 mg/l in the laboratory bioassays against early 4th instar larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus. The mortality data were subjected to probit analysis to determine the lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90) to kill 50 and 90 per cent of the treated larvae of the respective species. All plant extracts showed moderate effects after 24 h of exposure; however, the highest toxic effect of leaf methanol extract of Ocimum gratissimum, bark ethyl acetate extract of Eucalyptus globulus, methanol extract of Azadirachta indicia and methanol bark extract of Gleditsia triacanthos against the larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus with LC50=43.00, 41.02, 40.12 and 20.36 mg/l; LC90=278.32, 218.72, 215.01 and 86.29 mg/l respectively. The result of ﬁndings shows that leaf and bark extract of G. tricantha, A .indica, O. gratissimum and E .globulus can be developed as ecofriendly larvicides.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Larvicidal activity of some selected medicinal plant extracts against the vector of filariasis

Umar

Dankaka

Shah

2020

JES

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“…Understanding how Plasmodium - Anopheles interactions contribute to the mosquito vector competence has received great attention lately, and the increasing knowledge promises to contribute to the development of new malaria control strategies [1]–[3]. Malaria still remains a serious health problem in developing African countries, causing more than 1 million deaths annually.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Midgut Microbiota of the Malaria Mosquito Vector Anopheles gambiae and Interactions with Plasmodium falciparum Infection

Boissière

Tchioffo²,

Bachar³

et al. 2012

PLoS Pathog

430

478

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The susceptibility of Anopheles mosquitoes to Plasmodium infections relies on complex interactions between the insect vector and the malaria parasite. A number of studies have shown that the mosquito innate immune responses play an important role in controlling the malaria infection and that the strength of parasite clearance is under genetic control, but little is known about the influence of environmental factors on the transmission success. We present here evidence that the composition of the vector gut microbiota is one of the major components that determine the outcome of mosquito infections. A. gambiae mosquitoes collected in natural breeding sites from Cameroon were experimentally challenged with a wild P. falciparum isolate, and their gut bacterial content was submitted for pyrosequencing analysis. The meta-taxogenomic approach revealed a broader richness of the midgut bacterial flora than previously described. Unexpectedly, the majority of bacterial species were found in only a small proportion of mosquitoes, and only 20 genera were shared by 80% of individuals. We show that observed differences in gut bacterial flora of adult mosquitoes is a result of breeding in distinct sites, suggesting that the native aquatic source where larvae were grown determines the composition of the midgut microbiota. Importantly, the abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in the mosquito midgut correlates significantly with the Plasmodium infection status. This striking relationship highlights the role of natural gut environment in parasite transmission. Deciphering microbe-pathogen interactions offers new perspectives to control disease transmission.

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“…The petroleum ether extracts of Jatropha curcas, Pedilanthus tithymaloides, Phyllanthus amarus, Euphorbia hirta and Euphorbia tirucalli exhibited LC 50 values of 11.34, 76.61, 113.40, 424.94 and 5.52 ppm, respectively, against C. quinquefasciatus (Rahuman et al 2008b). The plant extracts exhibited a significant antifeedant activity after 24 and 48 h of exposure; however, the highest larval mortality was found in ethyl acetate extracts of leaves of Anisomeles malabarica, acetone =6.40, 8.06, 7.45, 6.98 and 6.20 mg/mL), respectively, and the hexane extract of A. lineata and D. metal; methanol extract of Aristolochia bracteolata and E. prostrata showed larval mortality after 48 h (LC 50 =3.05, 2.11, 3.00 and 2.18 mg/mL; LC 90 =9.06, 6.22, 8.23 and 5.77 mg/mL), respectively, against fourth-instar larvae of A. subpictus (Elango et al 2011b). The highest adulticidal activity was observed in ethyl acetate extract of A. lineata, chloroform extract of Andrographis paniculata, acetone extract of Cocculus hirsutus and methanol extract of Tagetes erecta (LD 50 =126.92,95.82,109.40 and 89.83 ppm;LD 90 = 542.95,720.82,459.03 and 607.85 ppm).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biolarvicidal compound gymnemagenol isolated from leaf extract of miracle fruit plant, Gymnema sylvestre (Retz) Schult against malaria and filariasis vectors

Khanna

Каннабиран

Rajakumar³

et al. 2011

Parasitol Res

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Owing to the fact that the application of synthetic larvicide has envenomed the surroundings as well as non-target organisms, natural products of plant origin with insecticidal properties have been tried as an indigenous method for the control of a variety of insect pests and vectors in the recent past. Insecticides of plant origin have been extensively used on agricultural pests and, to a very limited extent, against insect vectors of public health importance, which deserve careful and thorough screening. The use of plant extracts for insect control has several appealing features as these are generally more biodegradable, less hazardous and a rich storehouse of chemicals of diverse biological activities. Moreover, herbal sources give a lead for discovering new insecticides. Therefore, biologically active plant materials have attracted considerable interest in mosquito control study in recent times. The crude leaf extracts of Gymnema sylvestre (Retz) Schult (Asclepiadaceae) and purified gymnemagenol compound were studied against the early fourth-instar larvae of Anopheles subpictus Grassi and Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae). In the present study, bioassay-guided fractionation of petroleum ether leaf extract of G. sylvestre led to the separation and identification of gymnemagenol as a potential new antiparasitic compound. Phytochemical analysis of G. sylvestre leaves revealed the presence of active constituents such as carbohydrates, saponins, phytosterols, phenols, flavonoids and tannins. However, cardiac glycosides and phlobatannins are absent in the plant extracts. Quantitative analysis results suggested that saponin (5%) was present in a high concentration followed by tannins (1.0%). The 50 g powder was loaded on silica gel column and eluted with chloroform-methanol-water as eluents. From that, 16 mg pure saponin compound was isolated and analysed by thin layer chromatography using chloroform and methanol as the solvent systems. The structure of the purified triterpenoid fraction was established from infrared (IR), ultraviolet (UV), (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), (13)C NMR and mass spectral data. The carbon skeleton of the compound was obtained by (13)C NMR spectroscopy. The chemical shift assignments obtained for gymnemagenol from (1)H NMR correspond to the molecular formula C(30)H(50)O(4). The compound was identified as 3β, 16β, 28, 29-tetrahydroxyolean-12-ene (gymnemagenol sapogenin). Parasite larvae were exposed to varying concentrations of purified compound gymnemagenol for 24 h. The results suggested that the larval mortality effects of the compound were 28%, 69%, 100% and 31%, 63%, 100% at 6, 12 and 24 h against A. subpictus and C. quinquefasciatus, respectively. In the present study, the per cent mortality were 100, 86, 67, 36, 21 and 100, 78, 59, 38 and 19 observed in the concentrations of 1,000, 500, 250, 125 and 62.75 ppm against the fourth-instar larvae of A. subpitcus and C. quinquefasciatus, respectively. The purified compound gymnemagenol was tested in concentrations of 8...

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Screening for feeding deterrent activity of herbal extracts against the larvae of malaria vector Anopheles subpictus Grassi

Cited by 16 publications

References 54 publications

Larvicidal activity of some selected medicinal plant extracts against the vector of filariasis

Larvicidal activity of some selected medicinal plant extracts against the vector of filariasis

Midgut Microbiota of the Malaria Mosquito Vector Anopheles gambiae and Interactions with Plasmodium falciparum Infection

Biolarvicidal compound gymnemagenol isolated from leaf extract of miracle fruit plant, Gymnema sylvestre (Retz) Schult against malaria and filariasis vectors

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