Antioxidant Supplementation Attenuates Oxidative Stress in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery

Abstract

Ischemia-reperfusion has been reported to be associated with augmented oxidative stress in the course of surgery, which might be causally involved in the onset of atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common arrhythmia after cardiac surgery. We hypothesized that supplementation of antioxidants and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) might lower the incidence of AF following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. In the present study, by monitoring oxidative stress in the course of CABG surgery, we analyzed the efficacy of vitamins (ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol) and/or n-3 PUFAs (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid). Subjects (n = 75) were divided into 4 subgroups: control, vitamins, n-3 PUFAs, and a combination of vitamins and n-3 PUFAs. Fluorescent techniques were used to measure the antioxidative capacity, i.e. ability to inhibit oxidation. Total peroxides, endogenous peroxidase activity, and antibodies against oxidized LDL (oLAb) were used as serum oxidative stress biomarkers. Post-operative increase in oxidative stress was associated with the consumption of antioxidants and a simultaneous onset of AF. This was confirmed through an increased peroxide level and a decreased oLAb titer in control and n-3 PUFAs groups, indicating the binding of antibodies to oxidative modified epitopes. In both subgroups that were supplemented with vitamins, total peroxides decreased, and the maintenance of a constant IgG antibody titer was facilitated. However, treatment with vitamins or n-3 PUFAs was inefficient with respect to AF onset and its duration. We conclude that the administration of vitamins attenuates post-operative oxidative stress in the course of CABG surgery.

Vitamin C for the Prevention of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation after Cardiac Surgery: A Meta-Analysis

“…3 studies were excluded, as they administered vitC combined with other treatments under evaluation. [24][25][26] 2 studies in clinical trial registries were excluded for not posting results, and authors were unavailable for comment. 27,28 1 study in a Russian language journal was excluded, as the journal was unavailable in electronic or print form, and the journal did not make its articles available outside the Russian Federation.…”

A Micromethod for Polyphenol High-Throughput Screening Saves 90 Percent Reagents and Sample Volume

“…There is overwhelming evidence that chain-breaking antioxidants have beneficial effects on free-radical-mediated disorders, such as atherosclerosis, acute myocardial infarction, and even a number of malignancies, which present the main causes of death in economically developed countries [1][2][3][4]. Polyphenols are important natural substances with pronounced antioxidative properties [5] that enable them to regulate oxidative stress in living organisms [6].…”

Cultivation and Immortalization of Human B‐Cells Producing a Human Monoclonal IgM Antibody Binding to MDA‐LDL: Further Evidence for Formation of Atherogenic MDA‐LDL Adducts in Humans In Vivo

“…Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and various malignancies are the most frequent causes of death in Europe and the United States of America (USA), and lipid peroxidation (LPO) due to oxidative stress appears to be importantly involved in various stages of these disease processes. For example, there are many indications that oxidatively modified low-density lipoprotein (oLDL) plays an important role in the initiation and development of atherosclerosis in humans [ 1 , 2 ]. Obviously, LPO is at least one basic process leading to oLDL by consumption of protective antioxidants present on each low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle and subsequent initiation of free radical-mediated chain reactions.…”