A Micromethod for Polyphenol High-Throughput Screening Saves 90 Percent Reagents and Sample Volume

Tatzber, Franz; Wonisch, Willibald; Lackner, Sonja; Lindschinger, Meinrad; Pursch, Werner; Resch, Ulrike; Trummer, Christopher; Murkovic, Michaël; Zelzer, Sieglinde; Holasek, Sandra; Cvirn, Gerhard

doi:10.3390/antiox9010011

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…To evaluate differences in the antioxidative effects between male and female rats, we used two different test systems, i.e., the total antioxidative capacity (TAC ® ; Omnignostica Ltd., Klosterneuburg, Austria) and polyphenols (PPm ® ; Omnignostica Ltd., Höflein, Austria), as described previously [ 15 ]. The TAC assay was performed according to the manufacturer’s instructions with distinct modifications for measuring small sample volumes [ 16 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences under Vitamin D Supplementation in an Animal Model of Progressive Multiple Sclerosis

Haindl,

Üçal,

Tafrali

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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A central role for vitamin D (VD) in immune modulation has recently been recognized linking VD insufficiency to autoimmune disorders that commonly exhibit sex-associated differences. Similar to other autoimmune diseases, there is a higher incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS) in women, but a poorer prognosis in men, often characterized by a more rapid progression. Although sex hormones are most likely involved, this phenomenon is still poorly understood. Oxidative stress, modulated by VD serum levels as well as sex hormones, may act as a contributing factor to demyelination and axonal damage in both MS and the corresponding preclinical models. In this study, we analyzed sex-associated differences and VD effects utilizing an animal model that recapitulates histopathological features of the progressive MS phase (PMS). In contrast to relapsing–remitting MS (RRMS), PMS has been poorly investigated in this context. Male (n = 50) and female (n = 46) Dark Agouti rats received either VD (400 IU per week; VD+) or standard rodent food without extra VD (VD−) from weaning onwards. Myelination, microglial activation, apoptotic cell death and neuronal viability were assessed using immunohistochemical markers in brain tissue. Additionally, we also used two different histological markers against oxidized lipids along with colorimetric methods to measure protective polyphenols (PP) and total antioxidative capacity (TAC) in serum. Neurofilament light chain serum levels (sNfL) were analyzed using single-molecule array (SIMOA) analysis. We found significant differences between female and male animals. Female rats exhibited a better TAC and higher amounts of PP. Additionally, females showed higher myelin preservation, lower microglial activation and better neuronal survival while showing more apoptotic cells than male rats. We even found a delay in reaching the peak of the disease in females. Overall, both sexes benefitted from VD supplementation, represented by significantly less cortical, neuroaxonal and oxidative damage. Unexpectedly, male rats had an even higher overall benefit, most likely due to differences in oxidative capacity and defense systems.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences under Vitamin D Supplementation in an Animal Model of Progressive Multiple Sclerosis

Haindl,

Üçal,

Tafrali

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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“…For the assessment of total plasma polyphenols, the microtiter-formate Folin–Ciocalteu method was applied [ 36 ]. The polyphenols-microtitre (PPm) were determined with the PPm ® kit (Omnignostica GmbH, Höflein, Austria).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory Effects of Aronia Juice Polyphenols—Results of a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Human Intervention Study and Cell Culture Experiments

et al. 2022

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Dietary polyphenols, which are present in Aronia melanocarpa, have been associated with various beneficial effects on human health including antioxidant, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory activities. We aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of aronia juice polyphenols in a randomized placebo-controlled human intervention study and cell culture experiments. A total of 40 females were asked to consume either 200 mL of aronia juice or a placebo drink for six weeks and were investigated again after a washout period of another six weeks. We observed that only half of the participants tolerated the aronia juice well (Vt) and the other half reported complaints (Vc). The placebo (P) was generally tolerated with one exception (p = 0.003). Plasma polyphenol levels increased significantly in Vt after the intervention (p = 0.024) but did neither in P nor in Vc. Regulatory T cell (Treg) frequencies remained constant in Vt and P during the intervention, whereas Tregs decreased in Vc (p = 0.018). In cell culture, inhibiting effects of ferulic acid (p = 0.0005) and catechin (p = 0.0393) on the differentiation of Tregs were observed as well as reduced activation of CD4-T cells in ferulic acid (p = 0.0072) and aronia juice (p = 0.0163) treated cells. Interestingly, a CD4+CD25-FoxP3+ cell population emerged in vitro in response to aronia juice, but not when testing individual polyphenols. In conclusion, our data strengthen possible individual hormetic effects, the importance of the food matrix for bioactivity, and the need for further investigations on possible impacts of specific physiological features such as the gut microbiota in the context of personalized nutrition.

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“…This amount has been chosen since previous studies testing drinks with high polyphenol content had been performed with this quantity [33][34][35]. As assessed by the Folin-Ciocalteu micro-method [36], the aronia juice polyphenol concentration was 8330 mg/L. The placebo drink was completely polyphenol-free and prepared according to a published recipe [37].…”

Section: Procedures and Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interindividual differences in aronia juice tolerability linked to gut microbiome and metabolome changes—secondary analysis of a randomized placebo-controlled parallel intervention trial

Lackner,

Mahnert,

Moissl-Eichinger

et al. 2024

Microbiome

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Background Aronia melanocarpa is a berry rich in polyphenols known for health benefits. However, the bioavailability of polyphenols has been questioned, and the individual taste acceptance of the fruit with its specific flavor varies. We recently observed substantial differences in the tolerability of aronia juice among healthy females, with half of the individuals tolerating aronia juice without complaints. Given the importance of the gut microbiome in food digestion, we investigated in this secondary analysis of the randomized placebo-controlled parallel intervention study (ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT05432362) if aronia juice tolerability was associated with changes in intestinal microbiota and bacterial metabolites, seeking for potential mechanistic insights into the impact on aronia polyphenol tolerance and metabolic outcomes. Results Forty females were enrolled for this 6-week trial, receiving either 100 ml natural aronia juice (verum, V) twice daily or a polyphenol-free placebo (P) with a similar nutritional profile, followed by a 6-week washout. Within V, individuals were categorized into those who tolerated the juice well (Vt) or reported complaints (Vc). The gut microbiome diversity, as analyzed by 16S rRNA gene-based next-generation sequencing, remained unaltered in Vc but changed significantly in Vt. A MICOM-based flux balance analysis revealed pronounced differences in the 40 most predictive metabolites post-intervention. In Vc carbon-dioxide, ammonium and nine O-glycans were predicted due to a shift in microbial composition, while in Vt six bile acids were the most likely microbiota-derived metabolites. NMR metabolomics of plasma confirmed increased lipoprotein subclasses (LDL, VLDL) post-intervention, reverting after wash out. Stool samples maintained a stable metabolic profile. Conclusion In linking aronia polyphenol tolerance to gut microbiota-derived metabolites, our study explores adaptive processes affecting lipoprotein profiles during high polyphenol ingestion in Vt and examines effects on mucosal gut health in response to intolerance to high polyphenol intake in Vc. Our results underpin the importance of individualized hormetic dosing for beneficial polyphenol effects, demonstrate dynamic gut microbiome responses to aronia juice, and emphasize personalized responses in polyphenol interventions. Graphical Abstract

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A Micromethod for Polyphenol High-Throughput Screening Saves 90 Percent Reagents and Sample Volume

Cited by 7 publications

References 30 publications

Sex Differences under Vitamin D Supplementation in an Animal Model of Progressive Multiple Sclerosis

Sex Differences under Vitamin D Supplementation in an Animal Model of Progressive Multiple Sclerosis

Immunomodulatory Effects of Aronia Juice Polyphenols—Results of a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Human Intervention Study and Cell Culture Experiments

Interindividual differences in aronia juice tolerability linked to gut microbiome and metabolome changes—secondary analysis of a randomized placebo-controlled parallel intervention trial

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