Antioxidant properties of topical Caulerpa sp. extract on UVB-induced photoaging in mice

Abstract

Caulerpa sp., a genus of seaweed native to the Indo-Pacific region, has been known for its antioxidant properties and health benefits when consumed as food. Previous studies have reported Caulerpa sp.’s potential as a strong antioxidant, but its effects on the skin in a topical preparation, especially its role in ultraviolet (UV) protection, have not been studied extensively. Our study investigated the protective effects of 0.2% and 0.4% Caulerpa sp. extract gels on photoaging in the UVB-irradiated skin of Wistar mice. The subjects were divided into naive control, vehicle control, and 3 treatment groups (0.2% Caulerpa sp. extract gel, 0.4% Caulerpa sp. extract gel, and 0.02% astaxanthin gel as a standard antioxidant). The groups, except the naive control group, received a total of 840 mJ/cm2 of UVB irradiation in four weeks. Protective effects of the extract were measured through the evaluation of collagen expression, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 expression and levels, and 8-OhDG expression. Mice who received topical application of Caulerpa sp. extract gel had higher collagen expression, better-preserved collagen structure, lower levels of MMP-1, and less MMP-1 and 8-OHdG expressions compared to the vehicle control group. There was no difference between different concentrations of the extract. Our findings demonstrated that topical application of Caulerpa sp. extract gel significantly protected UVB-irradiated mice skin from photoaging.

Anti-Photoaging and Potential Skin Health Benefits of Seaweeds

“…However, little attention has been paid towards the anti-photoaging properties of green seaweed extracts. The aqueous extract of Halimeda incrassata and Caulerpa sp showed anti-photoaging activity in UVC-irradiated plasmid DNA and UVB irradiated mice, respectively [ 23 , 24 ]. Furthermore, more than 20 seaweed species belonging to Rhodophyceae and Phaeophyceae obtained from several countries including Spain, Chile, Ireland, South Africa, Argentina, and Tonga were tested [ 25 ].…”

Nilai sun protection factor anggur laut segar dengan metode dan jenis pelarut ekstraksi yang berbeda

“…Salah satunya adalah anggur laut (Caulerpa sp.). Anggur laut banyak terdapat pada perairan Indonesia yang telah terbukti secara in vivo mampu menghambat kerusakan DNA dan photo aging akibat radiasi sinar UV (Wiraguna et al 2018). Di sisi lain, metode ekstraksi anggur laut yang menghasilkan nilai SPF tertinggi masih belum banyak dikembangkan sebagai alternatif zat aktif tabir surya.…”

Bioinformatic Characterization of Sulfotransferase Provides New Insights for the Exploitation of Sulfated Polysaccharides in Caulerpa

“…Although some of these reports may be too optimistic in their conclusions, the effective potentiality of Caulerpa still remains to be explored. Several authors reported antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects; these activities were reported both for Caulerpa extracts [26][27][28][29] and purified SPs [19,20,30,31]. A potential application of the antioxidant ability of Caulerpa SPs was recently reported [4,20,27], showing promising results regarding the treatment of calcium oxalate crystals in antiurolithic cures [20].…”

“…Among these, CP0.5 showed the major amount of sulfate and osteogenic induction potential on human mesenchymal stem cells, increasing alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium accumulation [37]. Caulerpa mexicana Gastroprotective effects (reduction of ethanol damage) Sulfated polysaccharides [36] Caulerpa okamurae Anti-inflammatory; increases of insulin sensitivity in adipocytes and macrophages Not specified [26] Caulerpa prolifera Osteogenic potential Sulfated polysaccharides [37] Caulerpa racemosa Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects Sulfated polysaccharides [30] Caulerpa scalpelliformis Non-specific immunity and disease resistance in fish (Nile tilapia) Not specified [44] Caulerpa sertularioides Antibacteric activity vs. V. parahaemolyticus and V. alginolyticus Not specified [45] Caulerpa Sp Antiaeging and UV protection action on mice Not specified [28] Hence, despite there being a plethora of studies on potential pharmaceutical properties of members of Caulerpa, to our knowledge, no bioinformatic, biochemical or phylogenetic comprehensive studies have been performed so far on key enzymes of the pathways of this secondary metabolism of Caulerpa. Particularly, there is no description regarding the complexity and unique characteristics of the SP biosynthetic pathway in Caulerpa.…”

“…Although some of these reports may be too optimistic in their conclusions, the effective potentiality of Caulerpa still remains to be explored. Several authors reported antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects; these activities were reported both for Caulerpa extracts [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ] and purified SPs [ 19 , 20 , 30 , 31 ].…”