Antioxidant Properties and Protective Effects of Aerial Parts fromCnidium officinaleMakino on Oxidative Stress-Induced Neuronal Cell Death

Abstract

The rhizomes of Cnidium officinale Makino have been used as a traditional medicine for many purposes, however, use of its aerial parts is very limited. We investigated the antioxidant properties and protective effects of the aerial parts (leaves and stems) from C. officinale on H2O2-induced toxicity in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma. C. officinale methanol extracts (70%) were sequentially fractionated using hexane (non-polar fraction, NF), ethyl acetate (intermediate polar fraction, IF), and water (polar fraction, PF). Total phenolics and flavonoids contents were highest in IF, followed by PF. IF also showed the strongest radical scavenging activities against 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), as well as superoxide, with the half maximal inhibitory concentrations of 13.2, 23.2, and 12.8 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, all fractions significantly inhibited linoleic acid peroxidation induced by the Fenton reaction or by UV irradiation. Both PF and IF protected against H2O2-induced SH-SY5Y neuronal cell death by increasing the cell survival by 22.1∼47.7 and 35.9∼50.3% at concentrations of 25∼100 and 25∼400 μg/mL, respectively, whereas NF was toxic to the cells at these concentrations. IF also significantly decreased intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species by 7.72∼47.47% at a concentration of 25∼200 μg/mL. Our results indicate that compounds from the aerial parts of C. officinale have potent antioxidant activities, which may help rescue neuronal cells from oxidative stress-induced injury. Therefore, the aerial parts, as well as the rhizomes, of C. officinale may have medicinal applications.

Phenolic profile, antioxidant and anticandidal activities of Inula oculus-christi L. from Turkey

“…Inula britannica var. chinensis were prepared with different solvents and it was reported that the water fraction showed the strongest antioxidant activity (DPPH IC50 20.7 µg/mL; ABTS IC50 39.4 µg/mL) [30].The total phenolic content of methanol, ethanol, water, and ethyl acetate extracts obtained by the Folin-Ciocalteu technique from the aerial parts of I. helenium species growing in Turkey ranged from 4.18 to 102.91 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry extract [31].In another study, it was reported that the total amount of phenol in the chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts of I. helenium root was 5.06±0.06 (mg gallic acid g -1 ) and 42.2±0.07 (mg gallic acid g -1 ), respectively [32].Chahmi et al assessed the antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, and flavonoid content of ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of aerial parts of I. viscosa collected from three Moroccan regions, finding that the ethanol extract from Sefrou had the highest antioxidant capacity (274.39±6.94 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry extract), probably due to its high polyphenol concentration. [33].…”

Cnidium officinale Makino: Phytology, Phytochemistry, Toxicology, Pharmacology and Prescriptions (1967–2023)

“…At a concentration of 25-200 μg/mL, IF also significantly reduces the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species by 7.72-47.47 %. [7] Compare the scavenging activities of TEAC, ORAC, DPPH and other free radicals from the 80 % methanol extracts of COM and Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. The results show that both have similar and strong antioxidant activity.…”

“…[5] COM is also used in other aspects such as diet, its stem and root are devoted to drinks, bread, candy, alcohol, salad, and its leaves can be employed to rice packaging and seasoning vegetables. [4,[6][7] Acaricidal activity, butylidene phthalide and other effective ingredients in CR can remove acaroid mites and rotten anteater mites. [8][9] Adulticidal activity, phthalides and alkyl phthalide derivatives in CR can kill drosophila melanogaster, B-and Q-biotypes of bemisia tabaci.…”

“…Meanwhile, COM is also used in the cosmetic and skin care industry. [4,[6][7]12] In this paper, the phytology, phytochemistry, toxicology, pharmacology and prescriptions of COM are comprehensively and systematically reviewed. The phytology includes plant distribution and botanical characteristics.…”

“…Moreover, its stem can also be applied to herbal bathing materials to prevent cold and improve blood circulation. Meanwhile, COM is also used in the cosmetic and skin care industry [4,6–7,12] …”