Antioxidant Potential of Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (Higher Basidiomycetes) Cultivated on Artocarpus heterophyllus Sawdust Substrate in India

Abstract

The artificial cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum (MTCC1039) using Artocarpus heterophyllus as sawdust substrate was optimized and free radical scavenging activities of the generated fruiting bodies were investigated. The choice of A. heterophyllus as substrate was due to its easy availability in South India. Sawdust supplemented with dextrose medium yielded better spawn hyphae and early fruiting body initiation (15 days). The biological yield obtained was 42.06 ± 2.14 g/packet and the biological efficiency was 8.41 ± 0.48%. Both aqueous and methanolic extracts of fruiting body were analyzed for radical scavenging activity. Methanolic extract showed maximum scavenging activity for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (IC50 = 290 μg/ml) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline- 6-sulphonic acid (IC50 = 580 μg/ml), whereas aqueous extract had better scavenging for ferric reducing antioxidant power (IC50 = 5 μg/ml). Total phenolic content and total antioxidant capacity were significantly higher in methanolic extract (p < 0.01). A positive correlation existed between the phenolic content and antioxidant activity. Our results indicated that fruiting bodies of G. lucidum cultivated in sawdust medium possess antioxidant property, which can be exploited for therapeutic application.

Comparison of antioxidant capacities of two Ganoderma lucidum strains of different geographical origins

“…Obtained results for DPPH and FRAP assays showed mostly higher values than the values obtained from the literature data (Deepalakshmi et al 2013;Rani et al 2015;Rašeta et al 2016;Saltarelli et al 2009;Tel et al 2015).…”

“…Obtained results showed lower activities for analyzed EtOH extracts for ABTS assay than MeOH extracts of G. lucidum from Turkey (Tel et al 2015), EtOH extracts of the same species from India and Italy (Deepalakshmi et al 2013;Saltarelli et al 2009) and ~ 5 times higher activity than MeOH extracts (Rani et al 2015). Products which scavenge DPPH in vitro may scavenge polyaromatic hydrocarbon cations in vivo (Deepalakshmi et al 2013).…”

Associated Targets of the Antioxidant Cardioprotection of Ganoderma lucidum in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Using Open Targets Platform: A Systematic Review

“…Chemical antioxidant tests consistently revealed the free radical scavenging activity of G. lucidum. Twelve studies reported the scavenging activity of G. lucidum for different free radicals including 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH ⋅ ), 2,2 ′ -azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical (ABTS ⋅ +), hydroxyl radical (HO ⋅ ), and hydrogen peroxide radicals (H 2 O 2 ) [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49] (Table 5). G. lucidum also inhibits lipid peroxidation [23,49].…”

Emerging Roles of Ganoderma Lucidum in Anti-Aging

“…It has been reported that GLA possesses an antioxidant property manifesting as strong radical scavenging activity, indicating its suitability as an anti-aging drug. However, the antioxidant activity of GLA is weaker compared with the methanolic extract of Ganoderma lucidum as the antioxidant activity is positively correlated with phenol content and the amount of phenol content in the methanolic extract is much higher vs. GLA [ 38 ].…”