Antioxidant Metabolites from Limonium brasiliense (Boiss.) Kuntze

Abstract

A free radical scavenging activity guided fractionation of the polar extract from roots of Limonium brasiliense (Plumbaginaceae) led to the isolation of five active compounds including: myricetin 3-O-α-rhamnopyranoside (1), (-)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate (2), (-)-epigallocatechin (3), (+)-gallocatechin (4) and gallic acid (5). These and other chemical constituents are reported for the first time for this species. The characterization of these compounds was achieved by spectroscopic methods (1H NMR, 13C NMR and UV).

Antioxidant and Free Radical Scavenging Capacity of Crude and Refined Oil Extracted From Azadirachta indica A. Juss.

“…Natural antioxidant has been proven safe and potent in reduction or inhibition of free radicals which play vital role in damaging various cellular macromolecules (Morten, Mygind, & Rikke, 2012;Camila et al, 2013 ] beyond the antioxidant capacity of a biological system gives rise to oxidative stress (Murray, Rodriguez, Frontera, & Mulet, 2004). Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of inflammatory diseases such as arthritis, stroke, intestinal ischemia, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), hypertension, neurologic diseases e.g., multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, cancers, and atherosclerosis (Sachdev, & Davies, 2008;Mahmood, Soheila, & Saeid, 2008;Saikat, Chakraborty, Sridhar, Reddy, & Biplab, 2010;Mimica-Dukic, Dušan, Slavenko, Dragana, & Branka, 2010;Okoh, Asekun, Familoni, & Afolayan, 2014).…”

Acute toxicity and long-term safety evaluation of the crude extract from rhizomes of Limonium brasiliense in mice and rats

“…In Brazil, the only member of this genus is Limonium brasiliense (Boiss) Kuntze, popularly known as baicuru or guaicuru. This species is widespread in Argentina, Uruguay, and southern Brazil, where it grows preferentially in lowlands and saline soils along the Rio de la Plata (Moura et al, 1985;Murray et al, 2004).…”

“…There are reports of its use in the treatment of hemorrhage and rheumatism, and it is also believed to have cardioprotective properties (Murray et al, 2004).…”

“…Moura et al (1985) demonstrated the anti-inflammatory action of the ethanol extract (100% ethanol) injected by the intraperitoneal route at a dose of 250 mg/kg, on test-paw edema induced by carrageenan. The antioxidant activity of the semi-purified fractions of the roots was evaluated by determining the IC 50 through the ability of these fractions to chelate free radicals, using the DPPH method (Murray et al, 2004).…”

“…Chemically, the plant has been reported to contain hydrolyzable and condensed tannins (epigallocatechin, gallocatechin and epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate), leucoanthocyanidins, hydroxycinnamic acid, and ellagic acid (Cardoso, 1990;Murray et al, 2004). Gallic acid, 4-methoxy-gallic acid, β-sitosterol, saponins, myricetin-3-O--rhamnopyranoside, benzyl benzoate, sucrose, flavone, isoflavone, coumarin, and flavonone have also been reported (Moura et al, 1985;Murray et al, 2004).…”