Antinociceptive effects of the essential oil of Mentha x villosa leaf and its major constituent piperitenone oxide in mice

Abstract

Mentha x villosa Huds (Labiatae) is an aromatic herb widely used in folk medicine. Since the essential oil of the herb has many pharmacological activities, including antispasmodic effects, we determined whether the oil and its major constituent, piperitenone oxide (PO), have antinociceptive activity. The essential oil of M. x villosa (EOMV) and PO administered orally at 200 mg/kg (vehicle: 0.1% Tween 80 in water) significantly reduced the writhings induced by acetic acid from control values of 59.5 ± 3.1 s (N = 10) to 31.9 ± 2.8 s (N = 10) and 23.8 ± 3.4 s (N = 10), respectively. When administered at 100 and 200 mg/kg, EOMV reduced the paw licking time for the second phase of the formalin test from the control value of 20.6 ± 2.1 s (N = 13) to 5.3 ± 2.2 s (N = 12) and 2.7 ± 1.2 s (N = 18), respectively. At 100 and 200 mg/kg, PO reduced this second phase to 8.3 ± 2.7 s (N = 12) and 3.0 ± 1.2 s (N = 10), respectively. This effect of EOMV and PO was not reversed by naloxone. EOMV and PO had no significant effect on the first phase of the formalin test. As evaluated by the hot-plate and tail immersion test, EOMV and PO, at doses up to 200 mg/kg, showed no analgesic activity. These results show that EOMV and PO have antinociceptive activity and suggest that this effect is probably an indirect anti-inflammatory effect, which does not involve the central nervous system.

Embryo and fetal toxicity ofMentha x villosaessential oil in Wistar rats

“…Our essential oil, as previously reported (Fogaça et al, 1997;Lahlou et al, 2001;Martins et al, 2007;Sousa et al, 2009), presents monoterpenoids, 874 K. S. da Silva Bezerra Guerra et al…”

“…This species, known also as Mentha crispa, is a hybrid from the crossing between Mentha spicata L. and Mentha suaveolens Ehrh. The plant has many pharmacological activities: anti-parasitic, tranquilizer (central nervous system depressant), bradicardizant, anti-hypertensive, analgesic, relax smooth musculature and contract skeletal musculature (Almeida et al, 1996;Fogaça et al, 1997;Lahlou et al, 2001;2002a,ba,b;Sousa et al, 2009). An extract obtained from leaves present santispasmodic effect and is employed for the treatment of intestinal disorders caused by Giardia lamblia and Entamoeba histolytica (Santana et al, 1992;Sousa et al, 1997).…”

Antihypertensive effect of piperitenone oxide on spontaneously hypertensive rat by regulating calcium balance and reducing endothelin-1 secretion

“…Piperitenone oxide reportedly has intestinal myorelaxant and antispasmodic effects in animal organ model (Sousa et al, 1997), in which analgesia is induced using either acetic acid-induced writhing or hot-plate tests, an effect that unrelated to opioid mechanism as it is unaffected by naloxone (Sousa et al, 2009). In addition, previous pharmacological investigations have determined hypotensive activities due to piperitenone oxide in the pentobarbital-anesthetized rat (Lahlou et al, 2001).…”

Kazakh Ziziphora Species as Sources of Bioactive Substances

“…Piperitone oxide (48) Z. persica (0.32%) [251] Antibacterial activity against 19 Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial species [252] O O Piperitenone oxide (49) Z. clinopodioides (0.16%) [11] Antimicrobial activity against strains of bacteria, yeast and pathogenic fungi [241,252] Insecticidal activity against the West Nile virus mosquito Culex pipiens larvae [253] and against various stages of Anopheles stephensi [254] Antinociceptive activity in acetic acid-induced writhing test and in the second phase of formalin test [255] Antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 [256] Molecules 2016, 21, 826 17 of 53…”

“…Isopiperitenone) (54) Z. tenuior (0.3%-1%) [259,94] n.f. Antimicrobial activity against strains of bacteria, yeast and pathogenic fungi [241,252] Insecticidal activity against the West Nile virus mosquito Culex pipiens larvae [253] and against various stages of Anopheles stephensi [254] Antinociceptive activity in acetic acid-induced writhing test and in the second phase of formalin test [255] Antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 [256] O O Verbenone (50) Z. clinopodioides subsp. rigida (0.2%) [21] Antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea [257] Fumigation activity against stored-product pest insects [234] Insecticidal activity against Acanthoscelides obtectus [258] …”